Refractory tubes for protection of metal jets issuing from a steel-pouring ladle during continuous casting

Abstract

We recommended for the lining of the shaft shoulders and the bottom and upper parts of the hearth the use of dense kaolin refractories containing 41-42% A1203 and with an open porosity of 8-12%, the technology for which is being introduced at the Chasov-Yar Refractories Combine. LITERATURE CITED

Graphite-containing tubes for protection of the stream of metal in teeming

“…Experience in the use of graphite-containing tubes has been described in the Soviet literature [5]. Protection of the stream of metal with tubes butt-joined to the collector nozzle of the gate valve has been tested, but the lower portion of the tubes was not submerged below the level of the metal in the intermediate ladle.…”

“…The effectiveness of the manipulator and the convenience in operation of it determine to a great degree the effectiveness of protection of the stream of metal and also the life of the tubes in service [3,5]. Necessary conditions of effective use of the equipment for protection of the metal stream are the capability of heating the tubes to I000-1200~ before placing in service and the capability of submerging the lower portion of the tube 100-300 mm below the level of the metal in the intermediate level.…”