Refractive outcome in eyes with retinopathy of prematurity treated with cryotherapy or diode laser: 3 year follow up.

Knight-Nanan, D M; O’Keefe, Michael

doi:10.1136/bjo.80.11.998

Cited by 63 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Most studies have confirmed that ROP severity is a major factor contributing to the refractive error, and cryotherapy was found to induce myopia more frequently than laser photocoagulation in treated threshold ROP eyes [15,16,17,26]. However, the difference between laser and intravitreal anti-VEGF injection remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies reported that the prevalence and severity of myopia is correlated with birth weight, gestational age, and ROP severity [12,13,14]. Reportedly, eyes with threshold ROP treated by laser photocoagulation exhibited a lower severity of myopia compared with eyes treated by cryotherapy [15,16,17]. Recently, Harder et al [18] reported that a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB) for the treatment of ROP resulted in less severe myopia and astigmatism at the 1-year follow-up compared with conventional retinal laser coagulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Refractive Error in Patients with Retinopathy of Prematurity after Laser Photocoagulation or Bevacizumab Monotherapy

Kuo

Sun²,

Chung³

et al. 2015

Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To evaluate the refractive development of premature infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) after treatment with laser photocoagulation or intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB). Methods: The medical records of patients with ROP treated between 2003 and 2012 who underwent yearly follow-ups were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with residual ROP abnormalities were excluded. The cycloplegic refraction at 3 years of age, assessed using an autorefractometer, was recorded. Results: In total, 54 eyes from 54 patients were enrolled. Patients were divided into 4 groups: group 1, including 14 eyes of 14 patients treated with laser therapy; group 2, 15 eyes of 15 patients treated with IVB; group 3, 13 eyes of 13 patients with non-type 1 ROP under conservative follow-up, and group 4, 12 eyes of 12 premature patients without ROP. The mean spherical equivalent at 3 years of age was -1.71 ± 1.27 dpt in group 1, -1.53 ± 2.20 dpt in group 2, 0.63 ± 1.37 dpt in group 3, and 0.41 ± 1.95 dpt in group 4. The mean refractive error differed significantly among the 4 groups (p < 0.001). Patients in groups 1 and 2 were more prone to myopia compared with those in groups 3 and 4. Furthermore, patients with type 1 ROP treated by laser photocoagulation (group 1) and those treated by IVB (group 2) had similar refraction (p = 1). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that treatment-demanding ROP eyes are susceptible to more severe myopia with age compared with eyes without ROP or those with spontaneously regressed ROP. In addition, the myopic status between laser and IVB treatment did not differ statistically.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive Error in Patients with Retinopathy of Prematurity after Laser Photocoagulation or Bevacizumab Monotherapy

Kuo

Sun²,

Chung³

et al. 2015

Ophthalmologica

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“…In some studies comparing the refractive outcome of threshold ROP after different treatments, the results showed no difference in the prevalence of astigmatism between cryotherapy and laser-treated eyes. 32,34,35 The only difference that has been found is that patients in the cryotherapy group are more likely to have against-the-rule astigmatism than those in the laser photocoagulation group. 32 Trans-scleral cryotherapy is reported to be more traumatic with diffuse tissue destruction of choroid and sclera compared with eyes treated with transpupillary laser therapy in threshold ROP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32 Trans-scleral cryotherapy is reported to be more traumatic with diffuse tissue destruction of choroid and sclera compared with eyes treated with transpupillary laser therapy in threshold ROP. 34,35 Cryo spots are large and easily confluent. Laser spots are small and discrete with spared interval.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astigmatism and biometric optic components of diode laser-treated threshold retinopathy of prematurity at 9 years of age

et al. 2012

Eye

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Purpose To assess the prevalence of astigmatism and its relationship with biometric optic components in preterm school children with diode laser-treated threshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods A prospective, cross-sectional study in which cycloplegic keratometry, refraction, and ultrasound biometric measurement of optic components were performed on 24 consecutive preterm children with diode laser-treated threshold ROP at the age of 9 years. The study results were compared with data on 1021 agematched full-term control children from a national survey. Results The laser-treated eyes had a mean astigmatism of 3.47 D, with a mean spherical equivalent of À 4.49 D. Of the 46 eyes studied, 98% of eyes showed astigmatism Z0.5 D and 50% had high astigmatism (43.0 D). Most astigmatic eyes (97.7%) showed with-the-rule astigmatism, with the mean plus cylinder axis at 89.30 o . Further correlation analysis showed the astigmatism in refraction was highly correlated with the corneal astigmatism (r ¼ 0.921, Po0.001) and the vertical corneal curvature (r ¼ 0.405, P ¼ 0.005). There was significantly steeper vertical corneal curvature (P ¼ 0.003) and flatter horizontal corneal curvature (P ¼ 0.031) in eyes with laser-treated ROP when compared with age-matched full-term controls. The eyes with laser-treated ROP also show significantly thicker lens (3.93 mm) and shallower anterior chamber depth (ACD; 2.92 mm) than full-term controls (Po0.001). Conclusions There is significantly higher prevalence and greater magnitude of astigmatism in eyes with laser-treated threshold ROP compared with full-term controls. The steeper vertical corneal curvature component contributes to the increased astigmatism in eyes with laser-treated ROP.

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“…7,20,[22][23][24] The shortterm refractive outcome at 1, 2, and 3 years has previously been reported for the laser-treated patients in our study. 25 In the earlier reports, as in this study, all unilateral cases and only the right eyes of cases where treatment was bilateral were selected for inclusion in the refractive analysis. We see from Table 4 that the overall percentage of patients with myopia does not seem to increase significantly with time.…”

Section: Volume 10 Number 5 October 2006mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Refractive and Biometric Outcomes Following Diode Laser Therapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity

McLoone

O’Keefe

McLoone

et al. 2006

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and

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PURPOSETo assess the long-term refractive and biometric outcomes of diode laser-treated eyes in threshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODSCycloplegic autorefraction and biometry (Zeiss IOLMaster) were performed, at a mean follow-up of 11 years, on 16 laser-treated eyes with threshold ROP and 9 comparison eyes with subthreshold untreated ROP. RESULTSThe laser-treated eyes had a mean spherical equivalent of Ϫ2.33 D with a mean astigmatic error of 1.38 D. The comparison eyes had a mean spherical equivalent of ϩ1.07 D with a mean astigmatic error of 0.42 D. This trend toward increased myopia in treated eyes did not achieve statistical significance ( p ϭ 0.08). The myopia in the laser group appeared to be slowly progressive in nature when compared with earlier refractive data for these patients. The laser-treated eyes had reduced anterior chamber depth (ACD) compared with the subthreshold eyes ( p ϭ 0.02). When physiologic accommodation was inhibited by cycloplegic drops, the anterior chamber deepened by 0.13 mm in the laser-treated eyes and by 0.06 mm in the comparison eyes. This effect of accommodation on ACD did not differ significantly between the two groups ( p ϭ 0.23). The laser-treated eyes and the comparison eyes did not differ significantly in terms of axial length, corneal power, corneal diameter, or lens power. However, both groups had steeper corneas, shallower anterior chambers, and shorter axial lengths when compared with historical full-term controls. CONCLUSIONSMyopia in premature infants requiring laser treatment for ROP is associated with a shallowing of the anterior chamber and a steepening of the cornea. Physiological accommodation is not impaired by laser therapy or by severe ROP. ( J AAPOS 2006;10: 454-459) P rematurity and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are well-established independent risk factors for myopia. [1][2][3][4] There have been reports that cryotherapy in threshold ROP contributes to the development of myopia and that laser photocoagulation, in comparison, produces less myopic shift. 5-7 However, Quinn et al felt that the cryotherapy did not result in additional myopia but that the high myopia was related to the cicatricial retinopathy or severity of ROP. 8 In recent times, laser photocoagulation has largely replaced cryotherapy as the established treatment modality for ROP. Davitt et al have shown no increase in myopia or high myopia, at 9 months, in laser-treated compared with untreated high-risk prethreshold ROP eyes in the Early Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ETROP) study. 9 The clinical objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term refractive outcome of threshold ROP eyes at a mean of 11 years after diode laser treatment, with particular attention to the role of the cornea, anterior chamber depth, axial length, and effective lens power in determining the refractive status.A comparison group with documented subthreshold ROP, which had regressed spontaneously without laser treatment, was also evaluated. Materials and MethodsAll premature babies who...

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Refractive outcome in eyes with retinopathy of prematurity treated with cryotherapy or diode laser: 3 year follow up.

Cited by 63 publications

References 17 publications

Refractive Error in Patients with Retinopathy of Prematurity after Laser Photocoagulation or Bevacizumab Monotherapy

Refractive Error in Patients with Retinopathy of Prematurity after Laser Photocoagulation or Bevacizumab Monotherapy

Astigmatism and biometric optic components of diode laser-treated threshold retinopathy of prematurity at 9 years of age

Long-Term Refractive and Biometric Outcomes Following Diode Laser Therapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity

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