Refractive index sensor based on ultrafine tapered single-mode nocladding single-mode fiber structure

Zhang, Mizhen; Zhu, Guixian; Lu, Lidan; Lou, Xiaoping; Zhu, Lianqing

doi:10.1016/j.yofte.2019.01.008

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Optical fiber-based SPR sensors have been studied by researchers in recent years due to their advantages of easy miniaturization, remote sensing and in-situ monitoring [10]. In most fiber-based SPR sensors, the fiber is tapered or side polished and the exposed part is coated with a noble metal layer to produce SPR [11]. Gold and silver are the most common metals used in sensing layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Refractive Index Sensor Based on H-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fibers Coated with Ag-Graphene Layers

Zhu

Yang

et al. 2020

Sensors

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112

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An Ag-graphene layers-coated H-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor with a U-shaped grooves open structure for refractive index (RI) sensing is proposed and numerically simulated by the finite element method (FEM). The designed sensor could solve the problems of air-holes material coating and analyte filling in PCF. Two big air-holes in the x-axis produce a birefringence phenomenon leading to the confinement loss and sensitivity of x-polarized light being much stronger than y-polarized. Graphene is deposited on the layer of silver in the grooves; its high surface to volume ratio and rich π conjugation make it a suitable dielectric layer for sensing. The effect of structure parameters such as air-holes size, U-shaped grooves depth, thickness of the silver layer and number of graphene layers on the sensing performance of the proposed sensor are numerical simulated. A large analyte RI range from 1.33 to 1.41 is calculated and the highest wavelength sensitivity is 12,600 nm/RIU. In the linear RI sensing region of 1.33 to 1.36; the average wavelength sensitivity we obtained can reach 2770 nm/RIU with a resolution of 3.61 × 10−5 RIU. This work provides a reference for developing a high-sensitivity; multi-parameter measurement sensor potentially useful for water pollution monitoring and biosensing in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Refractive Index Sensor Based on H-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fibers Coated with Ag-Graphene Layers

Zhu

Yang

et al. 2020

Sensors

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112

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“…where α , λ , n ncf , and n medium are the radius of NCF, the free-space wavelength, the NCF RI, and the surrounding medium RI, respectively [ 37 ]. Thus, a change in V , which can be induced by the presence of mechanical deformation or surface RI fluctuation at the NCF region of the MMI apparatus, is now associated with the increased evanescent-wave portion of propagation modes due to coupling of multiple higher-order modes, which is responsible for sensitivity enhancement.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection using slightly tapered no-core fiber-based optical transducer

et al. 2022

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The label-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is demonstrated by using slightly tapered no-core fiber (ST-NCF) functionalized with ACE2. In the fabricated sensor head, abrupt changes in the mode-field diameter at the interfaces between single-mode fiber and no-core fiber excite multi-guided modes and facilitate multi-mode interference (MMI). Its slightly tapered region causes the MMI to be more sensitive to the refractive index (RI) modulation of the surrounding medium. The transmission minimum of the MMI spectrum was selected as a sensor indicator. The sensor surface was functionalized with ACE2 bioreceptors through the pretreatment process. The ACE2-immobilized ST-NCF sensor head was exposed to the samples of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 4 ng/mL. With increasing sample concentration, we observed that the indicator dip moved towards a longer wavelength region. The observed spectral shifts are attributed to localized RI modulations at the sensor surface, which are induced by selective bioaffinity binding between ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Also, we confirmed the capability of the sensor head as an effective and simple optical probe for detecting antigen protein samples by applying saliva solution used as a measurement buffer. Moreover, we compared its detection sensitivity to SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV spike protein to examine its cross-reactivity. In particular, we proved the reproducibility of the bioassay protocol adopted here by employing the ST-NCF sensor head reconstructed with ACE2. Our ST-NCF transducer is expected to be beneficially utilized as a low-cost and portable biosensing platform for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00604-022-05413-3.

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“…In 2018, Tian et al proposed a high sensitivity temperature sensor based on a tapered SNCS fiber structure and surrounded with alcohol within a silica capillary, where a maximum temperature sensitivity of 0.49 dB/°C has been achieved [207]. In 2019, Zhang et al proposed an RI sensors based on a tapered SNCS fiber structure (waist diameter 13 μm) with RI sensitivity of 686 nm/RIU within the RI range of 1.333-1.350 [208]. In 2020, Wang et al further proposed a folded-tapered SNCS fiber structure for simultaneous measurement of both RI (1191.5 nm/RIU) and temperature (0.0648 nm/°C) [209].…”

Section: A a Tapered Sms Fiber Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Fiber Structures for Sensing Applications—A Review

Liu

et al. 2021

IEEE Sensors J.

118

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A singlemode-multimode-singlemode (SMS) fiber structure consists of a short section of multimode fiber fusionspliced between two SMS fibers. The mechanism underpinning the operation of an SMS fiber structure is multimode interference and associated self-imaging. SMS structures can be used in a variety of optical fiber systems but are most commonly used as sensors for a variety of parameters, ranging from macro-world measurands such as temperature, strain, vibration, flow rate, RI and humidity to the micro-world with measurands such as proteins, pathogens, DNA, and specific molecules. While traditional SMS structures employ a short section of standard multimode fiber, a large number of structures have been investigated and demonstrated over the last decade involving the replacement of the multimode fiber section with alternatives such as a hollow core fiber or a tapered fiber. The objective of replacing the multimode fiber has most often been to allow sensing of different measurands or to improve sensitivity. In this paper, several different categories of SMS fiber structures, including traditional SMS, modified SMS and tapered SMS fiber structures are discussed with some theoretical underpinning and reviews of a wide variety of sensing examples and recent advances. The paper then summarizes and compares the performances of a variety of sensors which have been published under a number of headings. The paper concludes by considering the challenges faced by SMS based sensing schemes in terms of their deployment in real world applications and discusses possible future developments of SMS fiber sensors.

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Refractive index sensor based on ultrafine tapered single-mode nocladding single-mode fiber structure

Cited by 28 publications

References 18 publications

A Refractive Index Sensor Based on H-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fibers Coated with Ag-Graphene Layers

A Refractive Index Sensor Based on H-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fibers Coated with Ag-Graphene Layers

SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection using slightly tapered no-core fiber-based optical transducer

Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Fiber Structures for Sensing Applications—A Review

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