Refractive Index of Liquid D₂O for Visible Wavelengths

Abstract

The index of refraction for D 2 O at common wavelengths was measured for several temperatures at atmospheric pressure. While heavy water's refractive index was precisely measured decades ago using the transition lines of elements, those wavelengths are seldom used now that inexpensive lasers provide a range of available wavelengths. We review those measurements, note some inconsistencies between research groups, and fit the best of the literature data to a simple equation that allows an easy calculation for the refractive index of D 2 O with an accuracy of ( 0.0002 at any visible wavelength and between (278 and 359) K. To verify the equation, we then compare the calculated refractive index to our measured values for three HeÀNe laser wavelengths (543.5, 594.1, and 632.8) nm over a temperature range from (288 to 338) K and find good agreement.

Lanthanide(III) Complexes of Cyclen Triacetates and Triamides Bearing Tertiary Amide-Linked Antennae

“… is the ratio of the observed and radiative luminescence lifetimes ( τ obs and τ rad , respectively). The latter for Eu(III) can be calculated from the luminescence spectrum using Equation (1), where A MD,0 is the spontaneous emission probability for the 5 D 0 → 7 F 1 transition of Eu(III) in vacuo with a value of 14.65 s −1 , n is the refractive index of the medium (1.333 for H 2 O [ 43 ] and 1.328 for D 2 O [ 44 ]), and I tot and I MD are the total corrected Eu(III) emission spectrum (521–800 nm) and the 5 D 0 → 7 F 1 band (582–603 nm), respectively [ 42 ]. The obtained values are summarized in Table 3 .…”

“…The quantum yields were then calculated according to (3). The given relative error on the quantum yields (δ Φ = Δ Φ / Φ , where Δ Φ is the absolute error) take into account the accuracy of the spectrometer and of the integration procedure [δ( I s / I ref ) < 2%], an error of 0.59 ± 0.01 on the quantum yield of the reference QS [δ( Φ ref ) < 2%], an error on the ratio of the absorption factors [δ( f Aref / f As ) < 5%, relative to the fixed absorption factor of the reference QS] and an error on the ratio of the squared refractive indexes [δ( n s 2 / n ref 2 ) < 1%, < 0.25% around 1.333 for H 2 O [ 43 ] and 1.328 for D 2 O [ 44 ] on each individual refractive index], which sums to a total estimated relative error that should be δ Φ s < 10%. A limit value of 10% is thus chosen.…”

Self-assembly of the triblock copolymer 17R4 poly(propylene oxide)14–poly(ethylene oxide)24–poly(propylene oxide)14 in D2O

“…Analysis required the shear viscosity, measured by rheometry (as above), and the refractive index of D 2 O [12]. The correlation function was fitted using DynaLS version 2.8.3 (Alango Ltd.).…”

Application of a new vector mode solver to optical fiber-based plasmonic sensors

“…This method is used to compute the propagation constants of the core and plasmon modes in the structure. The wavelength dependence of the refractive index of silica [8][9][10] , distilled water 11 , gold [8][9]12 , heavy water 13 and GaP 14 has been modeled by using, respectively, a Sellmeier formula for SiO 2 , GaP, H 2 O and D 2 O and a Drude relation for Au.…”

“…The values of the effective index for HE 11 , TE 01 and TM 01 modes, calculated with the analytical method (respectively, 1.435774, 1.416931, 1.414350) resulted very close to those obtained with the finite element method (respectively, 1.435771, 1.416934, 1.414350). Note that, using a linear combination of K and H 1 functions (as in [13][14] but with smaller operating dimensions) instead of J and Y functions, the results computed with the analytical and numerical methods are different. As for the other case, always assuming a 20 nm thick "plasmonic" layer, but this time of pure gold, we have at 0.85 µm n 3 = 0.243806 + 4.934597i.…”