Reforming of Rice Ash Waste by Incorporated Nanotitania in Silica Framework for Photo‐catalytic Treatment of Wastewater

Abstract

The nano‐composites based on the burnt rice straw waste, reformed by nano‐TiO2 and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), namely, RSA‐TiO2, RSA‐CuPc, and RSA‐TiO2‐CuPc were prepared by a mechano‐chemical method. The as‐prepared composite systems were characterized by adopting FE‐SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, SBET, and optical techniques. Their photo‐catalytic performance in the degradation of methylene blue dye was evaluated under visible light irradiation. The co‐existence of the two components in RSA, SiO2 and organic carbon, plus the inherently intimate contact between nano‐TiO2 and CuPc could improve the photo‐degradation of MB dye. The complete degradation of MB dye was achieved by using RSA‐TiO2 (50) nano‐composite and the time is taken for 50% degradation of a dye is 53 min under visible light radiation. The kinetic study revealed that photo‐degradation of MB follows a pseudo‐first‐order reaction mechanism, where the kinetic rate constant was 0.013 min−1.

Preparation, Characterization of Green Synthesis CeO2 Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic Activity towards Malachite Green Dye

“…Where, CeO 2 nanoparticles are commonly possessed FTIR bands that attributed to the adsorbed water molecules and/or the hydroxyl groups whatever the preparation method. [12] The small band at 1327 cm À 1 is associated with the carbonate-like species on the CeO 2 surface. While the broadband allocated around 3223.43 cm À 1 is assigned to the bending vibration of the OÀ H group connected to CeO 2 nanoparticles.…”

“…[7] Alternatively, the photocatalytic degradation of dyes in aqueous media offers a promising and efficient technology to mineralize the dye molecules into small non-toxic entities. [8][9][10][11][12] In photocatalysis, a semiconductor as a catalyst is normally generated superoxide and hydroxyl radicals from water, under the irradiated light, that attacks the dyes and causing its effective elimination. [11,13] Among many applied semiconductors in the photocatalytic degradation of dyes, ceria is superior material due to its unique and rich properties.…”

Statistical optimization of photocatalytic degradation process of methylene blue dye by SnO–TiO2–AC composite using response surface methodology

“…Using the mechano-chemical method in the preparation of SnO-TiO 2 -AC composite; which is emerged as the most advantageous, environmentally sound alternative to traditional routes for nanomaterials preparation due to simplicity, high reproducibility, mild/short reaction conditions, and often solvent-free condition (dry milling). 22,23 The effect of process variables: light intensity, initial dye concentration, catalyst dose, and irradiation time on photo-degradation efficiency [both final dye concentration, and degradation percentage]…”

Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red Dye via Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified CuO and ZnO Nanoparticles under Visible Light Irradiation

“…It has been demonstrated that CuO/ZnO nanocomposites exhibit improved charge carrier separation and decreased the rate of holeelectron recombination, which improves photodegradation efficiency [11]. A significant effort has been made to develop supported semiconductors that demand a high effective surface area and respond to visible light just as simple removal and separation from water [12][13][14][15][16]. Among these supports, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), individuals from structural fullerene groups, have been incredibly crucial between the scientists were their first detection [17,18].…”