REFORESTATION IN BAUXITE MINE SPOILS WITHCASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIAFROST. AND BENEFICIAL MICROBES

Efficiency of the On-Farm Mycorrhizal Inoculant and Phonolite Rock on Growth and Nutrition of Schinus terebinthifolius and Eucalyptus saligna

“…responded to mycorrhizal inoculation with a significant increase in growth and P uptake (Arriagadaa et al, 2014). Karthikeyan and Krishnakumar (2012) also observed an increase in growth and uptake of N, P, and K for E. tereticornis Sm. inoculated with AMF and grown in a substrate containing residues from bauxite mining.…”

Heavy Metal Contamination of Soils

“…In the poor nutriment bauxite mine soils, in India, inoculated seedlings of C. equisetifolia by some suitable beneficial microbes including Frankia showed 90-100 % survival over the control seedlings (uninoculated plants). Plants inoculated with Frankia had also a significant growth as well as nutrient uptake (N, P, K) higher than the control after 3 months and also 2 years after planting (Karthikeyan et al 2009). Inoculation of Alder (Alnus cordata Loisel) with selected Frankia strains in mine spoil afforestation plots showed a remarkable positive effect on alder aboveground biomass after 1 year planting (Lumini et al 1994).…”

“…In site planted with C. equisetifolia, Pérez et al (2012) have reported that phytoremediation with C. equisetifolia improves soil quality and fertility by increasing the total N and P content in soil. On bauxite mine spoil planted with C. equisetifolia Frost, Karthikeyan et al (2009) have found that inoculation with Frankia, AMF, and/or PSB increases C. equisetifolia N and P content. Given that the soil collected from bauxite mine spoils is acidic and poor in major nutrients (Karthikeyan et al 2009), planting C. equisetifolia tree inoculated with Frankia, AMF, and/or PSB will be very useful because this species has an important biomass widely used in composting, and an increasing of N and P in C. equisetifolia needle will improve soil fertility of the site.…”

“…In bauxite mine spoils in India, inoculation of C. equisetifolia plants with both selected Frankia and AM fungi (G. aggregatum) increased significantly their growth 2 years after planting compared to single inoculation and uninoculated plants (Karthikeyan et al 2009). The triple microbial inoculants (Frankia + AMF + phosphobacterium) showed significantly increased growth and biomass, nodule number, percentage of AMF fungal infection, and collar diameter than control and other treatments.…”

“…The protection provided by ECM is due to the mycelia affording a physical barrier or mantle and may include metabolic processes such as intracellular metal accumulation and the extracellular precipitation of metals by metabolites from exudates (Khan et al 2000). In their study, Karthikeyan et al (2009) found that inoculation of C. equisetifolia plants with Glomus aggregatum alone on bauxite mine spoils increases their growth both in nursery and field experiments. Inoculated seedlings showed also 90-95 % survival on bauxite mine spoils after 2 years compared to uninoculated plants (35 %).…”