Reflectometric measurements of PMD properties in long single-mode fibers

In this paper, a novel birefringence measurement method through the Rayleigh backscattered lightwave within single-mode fiber is proposed, using a single chirped-pulse with arbitrary state of polarization. Numerical analysis is carried out in detail, then pulse-compression phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (PC-Φ-OTDR) with polarization-diverse coherent detection is employed to verify this method. A 2km spun single-mode fiber is tested with 8.6 cm spatial resolution, and the average birefringence of the fiber under test is measured as 0.234rad/m, which is consistent with previous literatures about single-mode fiber. Moreover, the relationship between the measured birefringence and the spatial resolution is also studied for the first time, and the results show that spatial resolution is crucial for fiber birefringence measurement.

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“…The pulse width is 15 μs, and the repetition period is 40 μs. In SMF, the PMD experienced by a pulse with 1.2 GHz bandwidth is ignorable [26].…”

Section: Fine Spatial Resolution Birefringence Measurement With Pc-φ-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed Fiber Birefringence Measurement Using Pulse-Compression Φ-OTDR

Chen

Xiong

et al. 2020

Photonic Sens

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“…We modeled optical fiber as a cascade of randomly rotated waveplates. We assumed that the local birefringence is a Figure 1 Model of the birefringent optical fiber strictly stationary stochastic process [2], and that the optical fiber is affected only by linear birefringence [5]. The local birefringence must satisfy the following differential equation [6]:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major problem of the POTDR technique is to determine the distribution of the local birefringence of single-mode optical fiber in a simple way from the analysis of the polarization properties of the backscattering optical signal [2]. In this paper, we describe the simple relationships between the local birefringence and the evolution of optical power in roundtrip propagation for an optical fiber affected by linear birefringence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the spatial distribution of birefringence in an optical‐fiber link

Perlicki

2004

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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more, the ICPA has a much shorter distance to the radio-frequency output of the wireless transceiver than a conventional antenna. This implies a smaller transmission loss, which can be translated as an enhancement to the ICPA radiation efficiency by a few percent. CONCLUSIONThe prototype ICPA, printed on a 28-pin dual-in-line integratedcircuit-pressed ceramic package, has been fully studied from the antenna viewpoint for the single-chip solutions of wireless transceivers at the 2.4-GHz band using deep submicron COMS technology. The fabrication of the ICPA is compatible with standard integrated-circuit-pressed ceramic-package technology. It has been demonstrated that CMOS chip loading greatly increases the impedance bandwidth, but slightly decreases the radiation efficiency of the ICPA. The loaded ICPA achieved impedance bandwidth of 15.7%, radiation efficiency of 64 Ϯ 4%, and gain of Ϫ2.0 dBi. These performance parameters of the ICPA are sufficient for Bluetooth and many other applications.This novel ICPA has opened up many opportunities for further research and development. Firstly and most importantly, the ICPA should also be studied from the circuit viewpoint in order to understand the effect of the ICPA on the signal integrity of the single-chip wireless transceivers. This is believed to be quite a challenging work and has received our utmost attention. Secondly, as the surface-mount integrated-circuit ceramic-ball grid-array package is usually chosen for the single-chip solutions of wireless transceivers, the performances of the ICPA implemented on this type package are certainly worthy of investigation. Thirdly, printed antenna candidates with better efficiency should be developed for ICPA applications. Finally, the codesign tool of CMOS integrated circuits-the ceramic package-and the antenna should be made available for the successful realization of single-chip wireless transceivers.

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“…Differential Group Delay distribution is Maxwellian distribution. Differential Group Delay can be also expressed as [8]:…”

Section: State Of Polarization Transformation Through the Pmd Vectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization Effects in Optical Fiber Links

Perlicki¹

2015

Advances in Optical Fiber Technology: Fundamental Optical Phenomena and Applications

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Axis x and y are the initial, unrotated axes, ξ and η are a new set of axes along the rotated. 2. The area of polarization ellipse depends on the lengths of major and minor axes, amplitudes E 0x and E 0y and phase shift ϕ. 3. The angle β p =arctg(E 0y /E 0x) is called the auxiliary angle (0≤ψ≤π/2). 4. The rotation angle ψ (-β p ≤ψ≤β p) is the angle between axis x and major axis ξ. This angle is called the azimuth angle. 5. The ellipticity is the major axis to minor axis ratio (b/a).

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Reflectometric measurements of PMD properties in long single-mode fibers

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Distributed Fiber Birefringence Measurement Using Pulse-Compression Φ-OTDR

Distributed Fiber Birefringence Measurement Using Pulse-Compression Φ-OTDR

Evaluation of the spatial distribution of birefringence in an optical‐fiber link

Polarization Effects in Optical Fiber Links

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