“…These molecules contain oxygen atoms and easily excited double and triple bonds and are susceptible to release into the environment ( Zhang et al., 2007b ; Yu et al., 2015 ). Autotoxins are generally divided into water-soluble organic acids, linear alcohols, aliphatic aldehydes, and alkenes; simple phenols, benzoic acids, and their derivatives; simple unsaturated lactones, long-chain fatty acids, and polyacetylenes; naphthoquinone, anthraquinone, and quinone compounds; cinnamic acids and their derivatives; coumarins, tannins, terpenoids, and sterides; amino acids and polypeptides; alkaloids and cyanohydrins; sulfides and glucosinolates; and purines and nucleosides ( Zhang et al., 2011b ; Scavo et al., 2018 ; Blum, 2019 ). Many autotoxins associated with continuous cropping obstacles ( p -hydroxybenzoic acid, homovanillic acid, vanillic acid, vanillin, cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, cumaric acid, benzoic acid, sesamin, momilactone B, etc.)…”