“…Empirical studies have lent credence to the potential of dialogic instruction in fostering students' academic and cognitive development in science (Alkhouri et al, 2021; Mansour, 2020; Mortimer & Scott, 2003; Zuiker & Anderson, 2021), mathematics (Kiemer, Gröschner, Pehmer, & Seidel, 2015; Lehesvuori et al, 2021; Mercer & Sams, 2006; Rojas‐Drummond & Mercer, 2004) and language arts (Nystrand et al, 1997). Most of these studies, however, are based on researcher interventions that tend to limit the role and agency of classroom teachers.…”