Reflections and progress in conservation physiology

Cooke, Steven J.; Rummer, Jodie L.; Franklin, Craig E.

doi:10.1093/conphys/cow071

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(18 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Functionally linking individual-level characteristics to communities and ecosystem processes is among the biggest challenges to understanding the mechanisms of and responses to human-induced environmental change (Levin 1992, Gilbert et al 2015, Cooke et al 2017. ALAN has the potential to influence evolutionary and population trajectories by altering behaviors that are mediated by visual sensitivity, habitat selection and orientation, and circadian activity rhythms of aquatic organisms.…”

Section: Scaling-up From Individual To Ecosystem-level Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Lighting at Night in Estuaries—Implications from Individuals to Ecosystems

Zapata

Sullivan

Gray

2018

Estuaries and Coasts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Artificial lighting at night (ALAN) produced by urban, industrial, and roadway lighting, as well as other sources, has dramatically increased in recent decades, especially in coastal environments that support dense human populations. Artificial Blightscapes^are characterized by distinct spatial, temporal, and spectral patterns that can alter natural patterns of light and dark with consequences across levels of biological organization. At the individual level, ALAN can elicit a suite of physiological and behavioral responses associated with light-mediated processes such as diel activity patterns and predator-prey interactions. ALAN has also been shown to modify community composition and trophic structure, with implications for ecosystem-level processes including primary productivity, nutrient cycling, and the energetic linkages between aquatic and terrestrial systems. Here, we review the state of the science relative to the impacts of ALAN on estuaries, which is an important step in assessing the long-term sustainability of coastal regions. We first consider how multiple properties of ALAN (e.g., intensity and spectral content) influence the interaction between physiology and behavior of individual estuarine biota (drawing from studies on invertebrates, fishes, and birds). Second, we link individual-to community-and ecosystem-level responses, with a focus on the impacts of ALAN on food webs and implications for estuarine ecosystem functions. Coastal aquatic communities and ecosystems have been identified as a key priority for ALAN research, and a cohesive research framework will be critical for understanding and mitigating ecological consequences.

show abstract

Section: Scaling-up From Individual To Ecosystem-level Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Lighting at Night in Estuaries—Implications from Individuals to Ecosystems

Zapata

Sullivan

Gray

2018

Estuaries and Coasts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Currently, relatively few landscape ecologists employ physiological approaches to evaluate habitat quality. The development of conservation physiology may help with identifying early warning signs of populations in trouble and may play an important role in monitoring and assessing the progress of habitat restoration effects ( Cook et al , 2013 ; Cooke et al , 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological condition of nestling great titsParus majorin response to experimental reduction in nest micro- and macro-parasites

Glądalski

Kaliński

Wawrzyniak

et al. 2018

Conservation Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With unprecedented species loss, understanding the threats to biodiversity remains a priority for conservation practitioners. The value of evidence based conservation solutions is becoming increasingly recognised and scientists are now at the forefront of management actions (Cooke et al, 2017). Physiological theory can provide a mechanistic (i.e.…”

Section: Statement Of Parts Of the Thesis Submitted To Qualify For Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

DIVING IN A WARMING WORLD: Thermal constraints on the diving capacity of estuarine crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus)

Rodgers¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A central challenge in conserving biodiversity is predicting the consequences of anthropogenic climate change on species' distributions and persistence. Forced climate change has severely altered thermal regimes in marine and freshwater habitats. Rapid escalations in environmental temperatures may be particularly threatening to ectothermic species (almost all plants, invertebrates, fish, amphibians and reptiles), where body temperature and concomitant functional performance are strongly tied to the thermal environment. The threat of overheating is salient for air-breathing, ectothermic divers, such as the estuarine crocodile (Crocodylus porosus, Schneider, 1801), because submergence times are inversely related to water temperature. It is unknown how C. porosus will fare in warming waters but diving oxygen stores are hypothesised to be consumed more rapidly at elevated temperatures leading to a reduction of aerobic dive limits (i.e. maximum submergence time before lactate is accumulated). Shorter dive durations may force animals to spend more time at the water surface, leaving less time available for obligate underwater activities (e.g. predator avoidance and hunting for aquatic prey).This thesis assessed the effect of elevated water temperatures (emulating climate change scenarios) on the diving physiology and behaviour of C. porosus. The thermal sensitivity of predator avoidance dives (i.e. minutes submerged) was assessed in juveniles at three water temperatures reflecting climate change scenarios (Chapter 2). Diving performance was thermally sensitive with dive durations halving between the 'no warming' and 'moderate warming' scenarios. Ectotherms are however revered for their thermal acclimation/acclimatisation capacity following long term exposure to novel temperatures; whereby an animal's underlying physiology is responsively altered to maintain or optimise performance. For this reason, the acclimation capacity of C. porosus was assessed by exposing crocodiles to thermal acclimation treatments for a minimum of 30 days. Thermal acclimation treatments had no effect on dive durations -a result indicative of absent thermal acclimation capacity at elevated temperatures within 30 days.ii The physiological mechanisms underlying compromised diving performance at elevated temperatures were subsequently examined (Chapter 3). Reduced diving performance was hypothesised to be linked to increased oxygen demands and a reduced capacity for metabolic depression at elevated temperatures. Diving oxygen uptake, diving heart rate and post-dive plasma-lactate concentrations were assessed at two test temperatures (i.e. 28•C and 34•C). Diving metabolic rate increased threefold between 28•C and 34•C and the capacity to depress metabolic demands (from surface levels) was inhibited by 46%. Post-dive plasma-lactate accumulation was independent of water temperature. Collectively, these results show the aerobic dive limit of C. porosus was significantly reduced at elevated temperatures and animals behaviourally terminated dives...

show abstract

Reflections and progress in conservation physiology

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Artificial Lighting at Night in Estuaries—Implications from Individuals to Ecosystems

Artificial Lighting at Night in Estuaries—Implications from Individuals to Ecosystems

Physiological condition of nestling great titsParus majorin response to experimental reduction in nest micro- and macro-parasites

DIVING IN A WARMING WORLD: Thermal constraints on the diving capacity of estuarine crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About