Reflection-type photoplethysmography pulse sensor based on an integrated optoelectronic chip with a ring structure

Yan, Jiabin; Ye, Ziqi; Shi, Fan; Dai, Yeling; Yang, Lingyun; Wu, Jie; Wang, Yongjin

doi:10.1364/boe.437805

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Precise evaluation of arterial pulse rate and the behavior of pulse patterns can identify early signs of cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness . Piezoresistive, piezoelectric, and reflective sensors are often employed for fabricating wearable pulse monitors, among which the piezoresistive sensors are the cheapest. , However, most of the reported piezoresistive sensors cannot precisely transduce the variations occurring in a single pulse during the systolic and diastolic cycles. The fabricated sensor was evaluated in light of these challenges.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Ink for Advanced Wearable Devices

Pillai

Chandran

Surendran

2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Silver nanoparticles of average size 12–13 nm were successfully decorated on the surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) through a scalable wet chemical method without altering the structure of the MWCNTs. Employing this Ag@MWCNT, a multifunctional room-temperature curable conductive ink was developed, with PEDOT:PSS as the conductive binder. Screen printing of the ink could yield conductive planar traces with a 9.5 μm thickness and a conductivity of 28.99 S/cm, minimal surface roughness, and good adhesion on Mylar and Kapton. The versatility of the ink for developing functional elements for printed electronics was demonstrated by fabricating prototypes of a wearable strain sensor, a smart glove, a wearable heater, and a wearable breath sensor. The printed strain sensor exhibited a massive sensing range for wearable applications, including an impressive 1332% normalized resistance change under a maximum stretchability of 23% with superior cyclic stability up to 10 000 cycles. The sensor also exhibited an impeccable gauge factor of 142 for a 5% strain (59 for 23%). Furthermore, the sensor was integrated into a smart glove that could flawlessly replicate a human finger’s gestures with a minimal response time of 225–370 ms. Piezoresistive vibration sensors were also fabricated by printing the ink on Mylar, which was employed to fabricate a smart mask and a smart wearable patch to monitor variations in human respiratory and pulmonary cycles. Finally, an energy-efficient flexible heater was fabricated using the developed ink. The heater could generate a uniform temperature distribution of 130 °C at the expense of only 393 mW/cm2 and require a minimum response time of 20 s. Thus, the unique formulation of Ag@MWCNT ink proved suitable for versatile devices for future wearable applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Ink for Advanced Wearable Devices

Pillai

Chandran

Surendran

2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…PPG is a fast and noninvasive spectroscopic measurement technique 9 used to detect changes of the blood volume in peripheral circulation 10 either in reflection or transmission mode. 11 The acquired spectra show a constant offset, i.e., a direct current (DC) component, which is caused by the absorption and scattering of the tissue under investigation and the constant blood volume inside the blood vessels. A time-variant alternating current component resulting from the increasing and decreasing blood volume during systole and diastole, corresponding to the desired measurement signal, is superimposed on this DC background.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A time-variant alternating current component resulting from the increasing and decreasing blood volume during systole and diastole, corresponding to the desired measurement signal, is superimposed on this DC background. 11 – 13 Using the PPG approach, a variety of clinical parameters can be determined, including the blood oxygen saturation, heart rate, and blood pressure. 14 , 15 Furthermore, a PPG measurement is able to assess arterial diseases, as well as arterial compliance and aging, 16 , 17 which makes it a highly useful tool in medical diagnostics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiwavelength tissue-mimicking phantoms with tunable vessel pulsation

Jenne

Zappe

2023

J. Biomed. Opt.

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. Significance For the development and routine characterization of optical devices used in medicine, tissue-equivalent phantoms mimicking a broad spectrum of human skin properties are indispensable. Aim Our work aims to develop a tissue-equivalent phantom suitable for photoplethysmography applications. The phantom includes the optical and mechanical properties of the three uppermost human skin layers (dermis, epidermis, and hypodermis, each containing different types of blood vessels) plus the ability to mimic pulsation. Approach While the mechanical properties of the polydimethylsiloxane base material are adjusted by different mixing ratios of a base and curing agent, the optical properties are tuned by adding titanium dioxide particles, India ink, and synthetic melanin in different concentrations. The layered structure of the phantom is realized using a doctor blade technique, and blood vessels are fabricated using molding wires of different diameters. The tissue-mimicking phantom is then integrated into an artificial circulatory system employing piezo-actuated double diaphragm pumps for testing. Results The optical and mechanical properties of human skin were successfully replicated. The diameter of the artificial blood vessels is linearly dependent on pump actuation, and the time-dependent expansion profile of real pulse forms were mimicked. Conclusions A tissue equivalent phantom suitable for the ex-vivo testing of opto-medical devices was demonstrated.

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“…Volumetric pulse sensors utilize photoplethysmography (PPG) to measure the changes of blood vessel volume to characterize the pulse fluctuations. Yan et al [ 16 ] proposed a GaN integrated optoelectronic device using a ring-shaped structure to achieve pulse detection when using fingertip touching; however, this device was susceptible to the interferences from external light. In contrast, pressure pulse sensors can detect the pressure waves from pulse beating and characterize pulse fluctuations, which corresponds with the ‘Ju’, ‘An’, and ‘Xun’ methods of pulse diagnosis based on Chinese traditional medicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Pressure Sensor Based Wearable Pulse Detection Device for Radial Pulse Monitoring

et al. 2022

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Wearable pulse detection devices can be used for daily human healthcare monitoring; however, the relatively poor flexibility and low sensitivity of the pulse detection devices are hindering the scrutiny of pulse information during pulse diagnosis of different pulse positions. This paper developed a novel and wearable pulse detection device based on three flexible pressure sensors using synthetic graphene and silver composites as the pressure sensing material. The structural design of the pulse detection device is firstly presented; the core component of pressure sensors is using the sawtooth protrusions to convert pressure induced by radial pulse vibrations into localized deformation of graphene composites. The fabricated pulse detection device is characterized by high pressure sensing performance, including relatively high sensitivity (8.65% kPa−1), broad sensing range (12 kPa), and good dynamic response with a response time of about 100 ms. Then, the pulse detection device is worn on a human wrist to detect the pulses from three pulse positions, namely, ‘Cun’, ‘Guan’, and ‘Chi’, and the results demonstrated the capability of using our device to detect pulse signals. The physical conditions of the subject, such as arterial stiffness index, can be further analyzed through the characteristics of the acquired pulse signals, demonstrating the potential application of using wearable pulse detection devices for human health monitoring.

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Reflection-type photoplethysmography pulse sensor based on an integrated optoelectronic chip with a ring structure

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Ink for Advanced Wearable Devices

Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Ink for Advanced Wearable Devices

Multiwavelength tissue-mimicking phantoms with tunable vessel pulsation

Development of Pressure Sensor Based Wearable Pulse Detection Device for Radial Pulse Monitoring

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