Reflection on Black and Ethnic Minority Participation in Clinical Trials

Iyizoba-Ebozue, Z.; Fatimilehin, A.; Mbanu, P.; Adeleke, S.

doi:10.1016/j.clon.2022.07.006

Cited by 1 publication

(9 citation statements)

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“…22 As a result of these socioeconomic differences, factors like transportation and access to care may further contribute to lower rates of participation among African American patients. 6,21 The principles of justice, beneficence, and medicine's professional code of conduct require diversity and inclusion as a mission critical to its social contract with society. These higher moral values call out for all efforts to ensure adequate access of all segments of society to the benefits of biomedical research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There can be several explanations for this decline in African American participation. One reason can be attributed to historical influences relating to novel research 6,21 . As a result of studies like the Tuskegee syphilis study, many patients of African American background may be hesitant to participate in novel studies as they do not want to be test subjects 6,21 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One reason can be attributed to historical influences relating to novel research 6,21 . As a result of studies like the Tuskegee syphilis study, many patients of African American background may be hesitant to participate in novel studies as they do not want to be test subjects 6,21 . Other factors that may influence African American participation include socioeconomic factors 21 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These disparities in the representation of minorities and females in clinical trials can have significant consequences. Given these disparities, it becomes challenging to apply the findings of clinical trials to minority groups as they are not adequately represented in the trials themselves 6 . Thus, minorities and females may not be receiving the full benefits of scientific advancements as their White and male counterparts 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given these disparities, it becomes challenging to apply the findings of clinical trials to minority groups as they are not adequately represented in the trials themselves 6 . Thus, minorities and females may not be receiving the full benefits of scientific advancements as their White and male counterparts 6 . Another consequence of poor representation is that biological variants seen in minority groups are not adequately studied, creating biases in the definitions of what is “normal” and “abnormal.” 7 The introduction of these biases is also dangerous as they are propagated into future studies and clinical practice, which can lead to suboptimal care for minority patients 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends in participant race and sex reporting in lung cancer phase III clinical trials

et al. 2023

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BackgroundClinical trials are an essential part of advancing care for cancer patients. Historically, however, racial minorities and females have been underrepresented in these trials. Efforts like the National Institute of Health Revitalization Act attempted to mitigate these disparities, but despite these efforts, they continue to exist. These disparities can subsequently lead to minorities and females receiving suboptimal care.AimsThe purpose of our study was to understand the changing trends in reporting of participant race and sex as a demographic variable in phase III lung cancer clinical trials published over the last 35 years given these consequences of poor representation.Methods and resultsA total of 426 articles reporting the results of phase III lung cancer clinical trials published from 1984 to 2019 were identified in PubMed. From these articles, data on participant sex and race were collected from the demographic tables to construct the database for this study. This database was subsequently used to determine the rate of reporting of demographic factors like race and sex and the participation trends over the time of minority and female participation in lung cancer phase III clinical trials. The SciPy Stats package for Python was used to calculate descriptive statistics, 95% confidence intervals, two sample t‐test, one‐way analysis of variance test, and Pearson's correlation coefficients. The Matplotlib package for Python was used for figure generation. Only 137 (32.2%) of the 426 studies analyzed reported the race of participants. Among those studies, we found that the mean participation rate of White participants was significantly higher (82.65%; p < .001). We found a decrease in African American participants and an increase in Asian participants over time. When looking at sex, we found that although the rate of male participation (69.02%) was significantly higher than that of female participation (30.98%), female participation has improved with time at a rate of 0.65% per year.ConclusionWe found that the reporting and participation of minority races continue to lag that of other demographic factors like sex in phase III clinical trials in lung cancer. Based on our analysis, we note a decline in participation of African Americans in lung cancer phase III clinical trials despite the rising incidence of lung cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%