Reflection from and transmission through the ionosphere of VLF electromagnetic waves incident from the mid-latitude magnetosphere

Whistler waves produced by monochromatic currents in the low nighttime ionosphere

“…where c is the speed of light in free space andε is the permittivity tensor, which yield a set of four equations for the horizontal components E ⊥ (n ⊥ , z), H ⊥ (n ⊥ , z) (in a case of a source-free medium, see, e.g., Budden, 1985, Bespalov et al, 2018, and Mizonova, 2019 dF /dz =MF + Z 0 I δ(z − z s ).…”

“…M is a matrix of which the elements m ij are expressed in terms of components of the transverse wave vector k ⊥ = k 0 n ⊥ , and ε, η, and g are elements of the permittivity tensor which depends on the z coordinate (Bespalov and Mizonova, 2017;Bespalov et al, 2018), ε zz = εsin 2 ϑ + ηcos 2 ϑ. To solve the system in Eq.…”

“…In calculations, we use a technique known as the two-point boundary-value problem for ordinary differential equations (Kierzenka and Shampine, 2001). Using this technique in early work (Bespalov and Mizonova, 2017;Bespalov et al, 2018) has provided numerically stable solutions of a complete system of wave equations for arbitrary altitude profiles of plasma parameters and in the stratified ionosphere for arbitrary angles of wave incidence from above. Here, we find a wave field created by a monochromatic source current located in the low night ionosphere.…”

Whistler waves produced by monochromatic currents in the low nighttime ionosphere

“…where c is the speed of light in free space andε is permittivity tensor, which yield a set of four equations for the horizontal components E ⊥ (n ⊥ , z), H ⊥ (n ⊥ , z) (in a case of source-free medium see, e.g., Budden, 1985;Bespalov et al, 2018;Mizonova, 2019)…”

“…We use a technique known as the two-point boundary-value problem for ordinary differential equations (Kierzenka and Shampine, 2001). Using this technique in early work (Bespalov and Mizonova, 2017;Bespalov et al, 2018) has provided 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-2020-51 Preprint. Discussion started: 26 August 2020 c Author(s) 2020.…”