Reflecting on homework in psychotherapy: What can we conclude from research and experience?

Kazantzis, Nikolaos; Λαμπρόπουλος, Γεώργιος

doi:10.1002/jclp.10034

Cited by 67 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The authors observed that the participants with more severe symptoms and co-morbid depression were less likely to comply with homework tasks. This is concerning as CBT-based approaches are not as successful without a homework component (Kazantzis & Lampropoulos, 2002) and this may be especially so for clients with a trauma history (Baikie & Wilhelm, 2005). As a consequence, even though CBT is efficacious for PTSD patients it may not be the most appropriate treatment (Scott & Stradling, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 38%

Cognitive behaviour therapy versus eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for post-traumatic disorder – is it all in the homework then?

Lee

2012

European Review of Applied Psychology

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The aim of the present meta-analysis was to determine whether there are any differences between eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) and trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy (TFCBT) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with respect to efficacy and efficiency. We performed a comprehensive literature search using several electronic search engines as well as manual searches of other review papers. Eight original studies involving 227 participants were identified in this manner. The results showed no difference between EMDR or TFCBT on measures of PTSD. However, there was a significant advantage for EMDR over TFCBT in reducing depression (Hedge's g= .63). The analysis also indicated a difference in the prescribed homework between the treatments.Meta-regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between hours of homework and gains in depression and PTSD symptoms. Conclusions were confounded by differences between the treatments. These findings are discussed in terms of efficacy and cost-effectiveness. Conflict of interest:The second author receives payments for CBT and EMDR trainings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 38%

Cognitive behaviour therapy versus eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for post-traumatic disorder – is it all in the homework then?

Lee

2012

European Review of Applied Psychology

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“…Behavioural homework assignments are one of the techniques used that may be helpful in this context (Kazantzis & Lampropoulos 2002). In addition to coping skills training, Kadden and Litt (2011) briefly discuss two other possible methods to enhance self-efficacy, namely MI and participation in a 12-step programme, such as the Alcoholics Anonymous programme.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 42%

Predictors of tobacco smoking abstinence among tuberculosis patients in South Africa

Louwagie

Ayo‐Yusuf

2015

J Behav Med

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This study examines predictors of smoking cessation in tuberculosis patients with high HIV co-infection rates in a South African primary care setting. Current smokers were randomly allocated to brief motivational interviewing (n=205) or receipt of a brief message (n=204).Multi-level logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of sustained 3-and 6-month abstinence and 7-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) at 1 month, with the facility as a random effect. The intervention was ineffective among smokers with high nicotinedependence at 1 month, but was effective for all smokers over longer periods. Higher baseline self-efficacy predicted the 1-month 7-day PPA, but not sustained abstinence. HIVpositive participants' odds of sustained abstinence were about three times higher than those of their HIV-negative counterparts. Results support a more intensive motivational intervention and/or coping skills' training to increase self-efficacy and abstinence rates.Tobacco cessation services can be introduced in tuberculosis services where high HIV coinfection rates occur.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 45%

“…Regarding the characteristics of the task, it has been suggested to either use tasks with low diffi culty and complexity or slowly increase diffi culty (e.g., Broder, 2000;Detweiler & Whisman, 1999;Kazantzis & Lampropoulos, 2002). The tasks should not provoke anxiety (Leahy, 2002), and they should have a close relation to the content of the session as well as to the overall therapy goals (Broder, 2000;Kazantzis & Deane, 1999;Kazantzis & Lampropoulos, 2002;Tompkins, 2002). Regarding therapist behaviour, therapists are encouraged to involve the patient in determining the time and location for homework completion (e.g., Burns & Auerbach, 1992;Detweiler & Whisman, 1999;Freeman & Rosenfi eld, 2002;Startup & Edmonds, 1994), to give a detailed and specifi c description of the task (Detweiler & Whisman, 1999;Glaser, Kazantzis, Deane, & Oades, 2000;Kazantzis & Deane, 1999), to assess the probability of homework completion (Freeman & Rosenfi eld, 2002;Glaser et al, 2000;Kazantzis & Deane, 1999) and to hand out written materials or task descriptions (Detweiler & Whisman, 1999;Kazantzis & Deane, 1999;Kazantzis & Lampropoulos, 2002;Tompkins, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 43%

Patients' perspective on homework assignments in cognitive–behavioural therapy

Fehm

Mrose

2008

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Homework assignments are an indispensable part of cognitive-behavioural therapy. During the past two decades, a growing number of studies have shed light on its characteristics and effects. However, most studies primarily consider the therapists' view, and little is known about the use of supportive strategies to implement homework assignments in psychotherapy and about patients' attitudes towards regular assignments. To fill this gap, we assessed the attitudes towards homework assignments of 80 outpatients. In addition, those who had received a task during the past session (75%) were asked to report characteristics of their task as well as therapists' behaviour strategies during the assignment of the task. One week later, therapists rated the extent of completion of the task. Results showed that the patients generally had a positive attitude towards homework and that they accomplished most of the tasks. With regard to the therapists' behaviour during the assignment of the task, there seems to be room for improvement.

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Reflecting on homework in psychotherapy: What can we conclude from research and experience?

Cited by 67 publications

References 24 publications

Cognitive behaviour therapy versus eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for post-traumatic disorder – is it all in the homework then?

Cognitive behaviour therapy versus eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for post-traumatic disorder – is it all in the homework then?

Predictors of tobacco smoking abstinence among tuberculosis patients in South Africa

Patients' perspective on homework assignments in cognitive–behavioural therapy

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