Reflecting electrochromic devices

Thermodynamic Study of Proton Insertion into Thin Films of Amorphous WO 3

“…The term. As introduced by Atlung with manganese dioxide (16), it is reasonable to consider the proton-electron pair as a thermodynamic entity and write the relation [8] as 4~a) _ 4~(m ) = 1, a) (iii)~ 1 (II) , [9] where ~x{~m~.~_~is the chemical potential of the entity in the host matrix. Moreover, [8] expresses clearly that the electrode potential depends on the chemical potential of the inserted species into the host matrix.…”

“…He has shown that the oxidation of bronzes by oxygen is thermodynamically strongly favored and that the bronzes are in a fully ionized state, i.e., the hydrogen bronze can be regarded as being in a dissociated state [H.~.WO3-)xH ~ + xWO~ + (1x)WO3]. It is necessary to notice that the electrochemical reduction of amorphous thin films of WO3 compared to crystalline material is of a great importance because of the total reversibility of the insertion reaction and consequently because of its potential use for electrochromic passive information displays (7,8) glare-free rearview mirrors for automotive (9), solar control windows (10)(11)(12), and thermal sensors (13). (5) have studied polycrystalline WO3.…”

Sol–gel fabrication of WO3/RGO nanocomposite film with enhanced electrochromic performance

“…1 Since it was discovered by Deb in 1969, 2 considerable progress has been achieved in the study of electrochromic materials and its applications, such as energy-saving smart window, 3 intelligent optical displays, 4 antiglare rearview mirrors, 5 and active camouflages. 1 Since it was discovered by Deb in 1969, 2 considerable progress has been achieved in the study of electrochromic materials and its applications, such as energy-saving smart window, 3 intelligent optical displays, 4 antiglare rearview mirrors, 5 and active camouflages.…”

High-temperature oxygen sensors for glass-forming melts

“…Details [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and several applications [6,8,9] have been reported elsewhere. The sensors are principally simple electrochemical cells without transference employing solid electrolytes as introduced by Wagner [10,11], tested in glass melts by Besson [12], and first applied in laboratory glass melts by Plumat [13].…”