Reference values for structure emissions measured on site in new residential buildings in Finland

Järnström, Helena; Saarela, Kristina; Kalliokoski, Pentti; Pasanen, Anna‐Liisa

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.11.033

Cited by 45 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…On the other hand, measuring VOCs in real buildings is complicated by the fact that the control of climate conditions in such a setting is usually limited or even impossible. Moreover, environmental effects as well as surrounding materials have a strong influence on the measured VOC concentration (Järnström et al 2007). It would therefore be desirable to test the VOC emission of building products in large-scale but under laboratory conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A large-scale test set-up for measuring VOC emissions from wood products under laboratory conditions in simulated real rooms

Höllbacher¹,

Rieder-Gradinger²,

Strateva³

et al. 2014

Holzforschung

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A large-scale test set-up was designed to evaluate the volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions of building materials in a real room situation but under laboratory conditions. Two model rooms (ModR) with a volume of 30 m 3 each were constructed of the wood-based building materials X-lam and OSB, respectively. Temperature and relative humidity (RH) inside the ModR were kept in a range of 21°C-25°C and 45%-55% RH. VOCs were collected at 13 different times over a period of 23 weeks, and the total VOC (TVOC) concentration was calculated from GC/MS data. Results were quantified as toluene equivalents (TE). In the X-lam-ModR, the TVOC concentration decreased by 64% over the whole measurement period from 115 to 41 μg m -3 TE. Terpenes were the most abundant substance group and accounted, on average, for 80% of the TVOC concentration. In the OSB-ModR, the TVOC concentration decreased by 72% from 443 to 124 μg m -3 TE. Aldehydes showed the highest concentrations, accounting, on average, for 52% of the TVOC, while 38% were terpenes. The results show that this type of test provides realistic data for the praxis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A large-scale test set-up for measuring VOC emissions from wood products under laboratory conditions in simulated real rooms

Höllbacher¹,

Rieder-Gradinger²,

Strateva³

et al. 2014

Holzforschung

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“…Studies of the VOC emissions from PVC samples have identified a wide range of compounds such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols such as ethanol and butoxyethanol, and additives such as the plasticizer di(2-ethyl hexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (TXIB), the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene, and alkyl benzenes, which are commonly used stabilizers used in PVC (Lundgren et al, 1999;Shashoua, 2001;Jarnstrom et al, 2007).…”

Section: Using Voc Analysis To Understand Polymer Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymers and volatiles: Using VOC analysis for the conservation of plastic and rubber objects

Curran

Strlič

2014

Studies in Conservation

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There is an acknowledged need for improved conservation of plastic and rubber objects within collections, including improved methods of condition assessment, material identification, and better understanding of material degradation. This reflects the inherent instability and wide-ranging formulations of many such objects and also the relative lack of knowledge in this field. Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a useful method for understanding the chemical processes involved in polymer degradation and for the identification of materials. Conservators and curators have used odor analysis to identify historical plastics for many years, and techniques ranging from acid detection strips to laboratory-based techniques such as solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry have been used to characterize plastic and rubber materials and to understand their degradation. VOC analysis also has potential as a technique for bulk material identification, as a complementary tool to spectroscopic analysis of the surface. A significant advantage of VOC analysis is its potential to be non-invasive, avoiding destructive sampling or even contact with an object. However, there is a greater potential for VOC analysis to be of benefit within conservation than is currently being exploited and significant scope for future research. In fields such as construction or waste management, there is also significant research into analysis of VOC emissions from plastic and rubber materials. The goal of this paper is to systematically review research from a range of fields including conservation, polymer degradation, and plastics recycling and it includes the use of VOC analysis to understand the causes of damage to plastic and rubber objects, to provide evidence of degradation and to monitor degradation progress, and to identify materials and distinguish between different formulations. Summaries of relevant studies are given, and volatile markers of object damage and polymer degradation and key volatile identifiers of a particular material are highlighted.

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“…This descending tendency was ascribed to time-series decrease in VOC emissions of major indoor sources, including building finishing materials and furniture with time pass (Järnström et al, 2007;Liu et al, 2013;Langer et al, 2015). Furthermore, the indoor air concentrations of the 9 VOCs were statistically higher than the outdoor air concentra -tions, suggesting the influence of various indoor sources, including building finishing materials and furniture, for the target VOCs.…”

Section: Temporal Characteristics Of Selected Vocsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Temporal Characteristics of Selected Volatile Organic Compounds in Urban High-Stories Urban Apartments

Shin¹,

Kim²,

Jo³

2015

Journal of Environmental Science International

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In present study, the temporal characteristics of nine selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including four alcohol, 2 aldehyde, and 3 ketone compounds, in high-stories urban apartments over a 2-y period were investigated. The indoor VOC concentrations had generally a decreasing trend over the 2-y follow-up period. For examples, the 2E1H indoor concentration decreased from 10.8 ㎍/m 3 for the first two months to 5.1 ㎍/m 3 for the last two months. In addition, the DCA and ACT indoor concentrations decreased from 5.0 and 14 ㎍/m 3 for the first two months to 2.2 and 6.4 ㎍/m 3 , respectively, for the last two months. The indoor-to outdoor concentration ratios over the 2-y period were much greater than 1, indicating that indoor VOC concentrations were higher than the outdoor VOC concentrations. Similar to those of the individual VOCs, the indoorto-outdoor concentration ratios of all three VOC groups were higher than 1 over the 2-y follow-up period, suggesting higher indoor concentrations of the three VOC groups than outdoor concentrations. In consistence with the results of VOC indoor concentrations, the VOC emission rates decreased gradually as time passed, due to the decreased VOC emission strengths of indoor sources. Finally, there was an initial sharp decrease in the indoor VOC concentrations followed by a slower decrease, indicating a multi-exponential decay model for the target VOCs, which was demonstrated by comparison of the residuals and the adjusted coefficient of determination associated with the one and two-exponential fits of each data set.

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Reference values for structure emissions measured on site in new residential buildings in Finland

Cited by 45 publications

References 21 publications

A large-scale test set-up for measuring VOC emissions from wood products under laboratory conditions in simulated real rooms

A large-scale test set-up for measuring VOC emissions from wood products under laboratory conditions in simulated real rooms

Polymers and volatiles: Using VOC analysis for the conservation of plastic and rubber objects

Temporal Characteristics of Selected Volatile Organic Compounds in Urban High-Stories Urban Apartments

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