Reference system for current sensor calibrations at power frequency and for wideband frequencies

Chen, Yeying; Dubowik, Alexander; Mohns, E.

doi:10.1109/ichqp53011.2022.9808745

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The international technical standards [ 2 , 3 , 15 , 16 , 17 ] on PQ describe the characteristics of voltage waveforms at a given point of low voltage (LV), medium voltage (MV) and high voltage (HV) public power networks, with the assessing methods for PQ phenomena. The scientific literature [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ] is mainly focused on measurement campaigns with a statistical approach, using the standard assessment methods. In the following, a list of the considered PQ disturbances is provided.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Literature And Standards Regarding Its And P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The setups of a reference system for current sensor calibrations at power frequency up to 5 kA and for the wideband frequencies up to 9 kHz are illustrated in Figure 2 (more details in [ 18 ]). The calibration system is mainly made up of a current generation system [ 19 ] (marked as a red block), a set of reference current-to-voltage (C-to-V) transformers (marked as green blocks in the path N), the device under test (DUT, marked as yellow blocks in the path X) and a high precision two-channel measuring system (MS, marked as a grey block).…”

Section: Measurement Setups For Vts and Cts Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To convert the secondary currents of the diverse CTs into a 1 V output voltage, a resistor box was built, containing six self-developed precision resistors R m from 1 Ω to 20 Ω. The calibrated results of each resistor are published in [ 18 ].…”

Section: Measurement Setups For Vts and Cts Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Instrument Transformers Influence Power Quality Measurements: A Proposal of Accuracy Verification Tests

Crotti

Chen

Çaycı

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The integration of renewable energy sources on a large scale in the electrical energy distribution systems, as well as the widespread of non-linear loads, has led to a significant increase in power quality (PQ) disturbances. For this reason, PQ monitoring is also becoming a key task in medium voltage (MV) grids. The measurement of PQ at MV levels can only be performed using instrument transformers (ITs) to scale down the level of voltage and current to levels suitable for the input stage of PQ instruments. However, no international standards currently require the verification of the errors introduced by ITs in the measurement of PQ phenomena. Moreover, this issue is only partially addressed in the scientific literature, where papers dealing with specific and limited aspects of the problem can be found. For this reason, this paper aims to comprehensively assess the issue, proposing IT accuracy verification tests for different PQ parameters. First, a set of PQ phenomena relevant for IT testing is chosen, as well as the associated ranges of variation, based on a review of the enforced standards and the scientific literature. For each selected PQ phenomenon, possible performance indices and test waveforms are proposed. Finally, the proposed procedure is validated by applying it to the characterization of two different types of commercial voltage transformers.

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Section: Analysis Of the Literature And Standards Regarding Its And P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Setups For Vts and Cts Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Instrument Transformers Influence Power Quality Measurements: A Proposal of Accuracy Verification Tests

Crotti

Chen

Çaycı

et al. 2022

Sensors

Self Cite

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“…As for the present research on ITs, it is highly developed and up to date [ 12 ]. For example, the calibration of VTs/CTs, digital ITs, and non-conventional ITs is treated in many papers [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. The proposal of new testing techniques is discussed in [ 23 ], while refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Instrument Transformers under Realistic Conditions: Impact of Single and Combined Influence Quantities on Their Wideband Behavior

Letizia,

Crotti,

Mingotti

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Instrument transformers (ITs) play a key role in electrical power systems, facilitating the accurate monitoring and measurement of electrical quantities. They are essential for measurement, protection, and metering in transmission and distribution grids and accurately reducing the grid voltage and current for low-voltage input instrumentation. With the increase in renewable energy sources, electronic converters, and electric vehicles connected to power grids, ITs now face challenging distorted conditions that differ from the nominal ones. The study presented in this paper is a collaborative work between national metrology institutes and universities that analyzes IT performance in measuring distorted voltages and currents in medium-voltage grids under realistic conditions. Both current and voltage measuring transformers are examined, considering influence quantities like the temperature, mechanical vibration, burden, adjacent phases, and proximity effects. The study provides detailed insights into measurement setups and procedures, and it quantifies potential errors arising from IT behavior in measuring distorted signals in the presence of the various considered influence quantities and their combinations. The main findings reveal that the temperature has the most evident impact on the inductive voltage transformer performance, as well as the burden, causing significant changes in ratio error and phase displacement at the lower temperatures. As for low-power ITs, establishing a priori the effects of adjacent phases and proximity on the frequency responses of low-power ITs is a complex matter, because of their different characteristics and construction solutions.

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“…References [6][7][8][9] present a calibration method based on the comparison between the two outputs of the two transformers using the Data Acquisition Board (DAB), which is a suitable tool for the direct collection of signals that will be subject to digital processing for the purpose of calibration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Rogowski Coil with Digital Output for Smart Grid

Daboul,

Orságová

2023

Preprint

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Smart grids are seeing an increase in renewable energy and an enormous introduction of advanced power electronics, increasing the number of disturbance sources. This requires improving the accuracy of measurement systems capable of acquiring data for use in power system monitoring applications. Rogowski Coils (RCs) and Merging Units (MUs) are being widely deployed in controlling, metering, and monitoring of digital power systems. Because the performance of digital measurement devices has a direct influence on power measurement accuracy, it is critical to perform a laboratory calibration of these measurement instruments before they are installed in any project. To determine the magnitude and phase displacement errors of the RC+MU under normal and abnormal operating conditions, this article presents a comprehensive laboratory digital calibration system constructed from precise, readily available commercial products such as a fluxgate current transducer and a National Instrument. In addition, the analysis of measurement chain is affected by sources of uncertainty is discussed. The tests yield findings that are consistent with the relevant standards.

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Reference system for current sensor calibrations at power frequency and for wideband frequencies

Abstract: The presented work is used in the projects 19NRM05 (IT4PQ) and 19ENG08 (WindEFCY) which have received funding from the EMPIR programme co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

How Instrument Transformers Influence Power Quality Measurements: A Proposal of Accuracy Verification Tests

How Instrument Transformers Influence Power Quality Measurements: A Proposal of Accuracy Verification Tests

Characterization of Instrument Transformers under Realistic Conditions: Impact of Single and Combined Influence Quantities on Their Wideband Behavior

Testing Rogowski Coil with Digital Output for Smart Grid

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