Reference standard of penile size and prevalence of buried penis in Japanese newborn male infants

Matsuo, Nobutake; Ishii, Tomohiro; Takayama, John I.; Miwa, Masayuki; Hasegawa, Tomonobu

doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej14-0069

Cited by 36 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…To our knowledge, there is no other study reporting the incidence of burried penis in the pediatric population. This study found the incidence of burried penis to be 0.48% in children with an average age of 5.2 years, much similar to the findings of Matsuo et al [7].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Surgical pathologies in children presenting for non-medical circumcision

Thomas

2016

MMJ

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Objectives: Circumcision is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in the world. In this study, we determined the frequency of additional surgical pathologies in patients presenting for non-medical circumcision. Material and Method:Children presenting to a secondary healthcare facility between June 2013 -June 2014 for non-medical circumcision were included in this study. Patients' ages, presenting at outpatient clinics were noted together with the results of physical examinations.Results: A total of 2088 children presented for non-medical circumcision. Their average age was 5.2 years. 56.3% of patients presented to the Pediatric Surgery outpatient clinic, 25.3% presented to the Urology outpatient clinic and 18.3% presented to the General Surgery outpatient clinic. Additional surgical pathologies were noted in 3.9% of patients and these were: phimosis (n=36), inguinal hernia/hydrocele (n=12), buried penis (n=10), undescended testis (n=9), retractile testis (n=5), hypospadias (n=3), megameatus (n=2), umbilical hernia (n=2) and varicocele (n=2). The surgical plans for 37 (1.8%) patients changed due to the findings at examination. Conclusion:Changes in surgical plans were required for 1.8% of patients. It is therefore important that all patients, including those presenting with a request for circumcision, have a detailed physical examination. Keywords: Circumcision, Physical examination, Incidence ÖZAmaç: Sünnet, dünyada en sık yapılan cerrahi işlemdir. Bu çalışmada amacımız, sünnet isteği ile başvuran hastalarda ek cerrahi hastalık görülme sıklığını incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem:Haziran 2013 -Haziran 2014 tarihleri arasında, sünnet isteği ile bir ikinci basamak hastanesine başvuran hastaların dosyaları retrospektif olarak tarandı. Hastaların yaşları, başvurdukları poliklinikler ve muayenede saptanan cerrahi hastalıklar not edildi. Bulgular:Toplam 1 yıllık dönemde sünnet isteği ile başvuran hasta sayısı 2088 olarak saptandı. Hastaların ortalama yaşı 5,2 yıl idi. Hastaların %56,3'ü Çocuk Cerrahisi, %25,3'ü Üroloji, %18,3'ü ise Genel Cerrahi polikliniklerine başvurduğu izlendi. Ek cerrahi patoloji sıklığı %3,9 olarak saptandı. Hastalarda izlenen ek cerrahi patolojiler sıklık sırasına göre fimozis (n=36), inguinal herni/hidrosel (n=12), gömülü penis (n=10), inmemiş testis (n=9), retraktil testis (n=5), hipospadias (n=3), megameatus (n=2), umbilikal herni (n=2) ve varikosel (n=2) idi. Bu patolojiler nedeniyle ameliyat planı değişecek olan hasta sayısı 37 (%1,8) olarak saptandı.Sonuç: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların %1,8'inde cerrahi plan değişikliği gerektiği saptanmıştır. Sünnet için başvuran hastaların detaylı olarak muayene edilmesi önem arz etmektedir.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Surgical pathologies in children presenting for non-medical circumcision

Thomas

2016

MMJ

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“…The exact causes of the decreased height for infants are unknown and must be evaluated in the future. There is no apparent relationship between gestational age and penile length at 37 to 42 weeks [14]. Therefore, we compared the current data with similar data reported in 1987 for a gestational age of 38 to 42 weeks and birth weight≥ 2.5 kg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…However, interobserver variability cannot be completely excluded in the LW group. It is possible that there may have been a difference according to the time of measurement of penile length of newborn males [14]. The penile length measured within 12 hours after birth was 0.31 cm shorter than that remeasured at 1 to 7 days of age in 63 infants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penile length, digit length, and anogenital distance according to birth weight in newborn male infants

Park

Lim

et al. 2015

Korean J Urol

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PurposeAnogential distance (AGD) and the 2:4 digit length ratio appear to provide a reliable guide to fetal androgen exposure. We intended to investigate the current status of penile size and the relationship between penile length and AGD or digit length according to birth weight in Korean newborn infants.Materials and MethodsBetween May 2013 and February 2014, among a total of 78 newborn male infants, 55 infants were prospectively included in this study. Newborn male infants with a gestational age of 38 to 42 weeks and birth weight>2.5 kg were assigned to the NW group (n=24) and those with a gestational age<38 weeks and birth weight<2.5 kg were assigned to the LW group (n=31). Penile size and other variables were compared between the two groups.ResultsStretched penile length of the NW group was 3.3±0.2 cm, which did not differ significantly from that reported in 1987. All parameters including height, weight, penile length, testicular size, AGD, and digit length were significantly lower in the LW group than in the NW group. However, there were no significant differences in AGD ratio or 2:4 digit length ratio between the two groups.ConclusionsThe penile length of newborn infants has not changed over the last quarter century in Korea. With normal penile appearance, the AGD ratio and 2:4 digit length ratio are consistent irrespective of birth weight, whereas AGD, digit length, and penile length are significantly smaller in newborns with low birth weight.

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“…Early recognition of penis size abnormalities is important as it might be the first sign of congenital or endocrine disorders like growth hormone deficiency or hypopituitarism or other disorders of sexual differentiation 1 . Penis length (PL) is reported to vary between different races and ethnici ties [2][3][4][5] . This makes it necessary to establish standard values for penile sizes in healthy neonates in each country.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%