Reference range of flaccid and stretched penile lengths of adult males in Baghdad: A cross-sectional study

Hussein, Naser; Abid, Ammar Fadil; Alnuaimi, Ahmed Sameer

doi:10.1016/j.aju.2017.01.001

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The prepubic fat pad was pushed to the bone so as to get an accurate reading. [6] The average of three consecutive measurements was taken as final reading.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretched penile length and testicular size from birth to 18 years in boys from Western Maharashtra

Jaiswal

Khadilkar²,

Khadilkar

et al. 2019

Indian J Endocr Metab

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Background: Genital stage and testicular volume examination and assessment are essential for assessment of growth puberty in boys. There is paucity of Indian data for penile and testicular parameters particularly in pubertal years. Aim: The aim of this study is to present normative data for penile length, testicular volume, and testicular length from birth to 18 years in boys from western Maharashtra and to correlate these parameters with sexual maturity staging (SMR) (Tanner staging). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken in apparently healthy boys from 0 to 18 years of age from western Maharashtra from October 2016 to October 2017. Age, anthropometric parameters, stretched penile length (SPL), testicular volume, and testicular length were measured. Pubertal stage was categorized using Tanner staging. Data were entered in Microsoft excel 2013 and using SPSS version 16. LMS method was used to construct age-specific Z -scores for SPL, testicular volume, and testicular length. Results: A total of 843 boys were enrolled in the study. Mean SPL was 4.1 ± 0.4, 5.4 ± 0.8, and 10.2 ± 1.7 cm at 1, 10, and 18 years of age, respectively, and showed a gradual rise from birth to 18 years. Mean testicular volume was 1.8 ± 0.5, 3.3 ± 1.2, and 24.1 ± 3.5 ml, whereas testicular length was 1.3 ± 0.4, 2.1 ± 0.5, and 4.4 ± 0.7 cm respectively, at 1, 10, and 18 years, respectively. The magnitude of increase for SPL and testicular volume was greater around 9–10 years. The increase in SPL and testicular size was hand in hand with SMR for genital development as well as for axillary and pubic hair stages. Conclusion: Normative data on SPL, testicular volume, and testicular length from western Maharashtra are presented. These data may be useful in disorders of puberty and genitalia in boys.

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“…The prepubic fat pad was pushed to the bone so as to get an accurate reading. [6] The average of three consecutive measurements was taken as final reading.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretched penile length and testicular size from birth to 18 years in boys from Western Maharashtra

Jaiswal

Khadilkar²,

Khadilkar

et al. 2019

Indian J Endocr Metab

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“…Various authors have described reptilian fauna from different regions of Saudi Arabia, including the Southern Hejaz (Parker, 1938, Farag and Banaja, 1980), Eastern Arabia and Northeastern Arabia (Mandaville, 1965, Mandaville, 1967), Central Arabia (Schmidt, 1941, Al-Wailly and Al-Uthman, 1971, Al-Sadoon, 1989), Riyadh region (Hussein, 1966, Al-Sadoon, 1988), Al-Zulfi area (Al-Sadoon et al, 1991) and Al-Hassa region (Al-Sadoon, 2010) whereas little is known about the herpetofauna of the Turaif region. Farag and Banaja (1980) identified four anuran species, 28 species of lizards and 15 species of snakes, and mapped their distribution in the western region of Saudi Arabia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of the reptilian fauna of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. V. The lizard fauna of Turaif region

Al-Sadoon

Paray

Al-Otaibi

2016

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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Turaif area located in the Northern border region of Saudi Arabia is one of the most important regions of the Kingdom. This work was proposed to throw light on the diversity of lizard fauna investigated through the collection and subsequent identification of specimens from different localities of Turaif region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Sixteen species of lizards belonging to 5 families (Agamidae, Gekkonidae, Lacertidae, Scincidae and Varanidae) were recorded. Lacertidae was the most common family. Three species of lizards namely Acanthodactylus orientalis, Acanthodactylus scutellatus and Acanthodactylus grandis were reported for the first time in the Turaif region of Saudi Arabia. The geographical distribution of the collected species within this province was mapped.

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“…While penile length has been shown to change prepubertally, adult penile length remains fairly constant (7,14,15). It is worth noting that the SPL values we reported of 12.3cm and 13.4cm for the infertile and other groups respectively, are both within the normal ranges according to reported nomograms and the difference is likely without clinical significant (26)(27)(28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Stretched penile length and its associations with testosterone and infertility

Slade¹,

Christiansen²,

Keihani³

et al. 2021

Transl Androl Urol

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Background: Male infertility can be associated with secondary sexual characteristics, hypogonadism, and several findings in the examination of external genitalia. We sought to identify if stretched penile length (SPL) is associated with infertility or baseline testosterone. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all males age 18-59 presenting to a Men's health clinic from 2014 to 2017. SPL of patients with infertility were compared to patients with any other complaint. Patients with Peyronie's disease, prior penile surgery, prostatectomy, on testosterone replacement, clomiphene or β-hCG were excluded from our study. Baseline characteristics were compared between the two groups (infertile vs. other). Linear regression was used to assess the association between infertility and testosterone with SPL after adjusting for patient age, BMI, and race. Scatterplot was used for correlation between testosterone and SPL. Results: Six hundred and sixty-four men were included in our study (161 infertile, 503 other). The unadjusted mean SPL in the infertile group was 12.3 cm compared to 13.4 cm in the other group (P<0.001). The significance remained when adjusted for age, BMI, testosterone and race (12.4 vs. 13.3, P<0.001). Mean total testosterone in the infertile group was not significantly different than the other group (414 vs. 422, P=0.68). Infertile men were younger than the other group (33.2 vs. 42.1 years, P<0.001). BMI did not significantly differ (28.9 vs. 28.9 kg/m 2 , P=0.57). There was a weak positive correlation between testosterone and penile size in both the infertile group (r=0.20, P=0.01) and the other group (r=0.24, P<0.001). Conclusions: Though SPL differed amongst our groups, adult testosterone levels did not. If developmental levels of testosterone exposure accounted for some of the differences in SPL between our two groups, these variations did not persist into adulthood. It remains unknown if reduced length is a result of genetic or congenital factors associated with infertility. Further investigation is needed to better understand the association of shorter SPL with male infertility.

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Reference range of flaccid and stretched penile lengths of adult males in Baghdad: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Stretched penile length and testicular size from birth to 18 years in boys from Western Maharashtra

Stretched penile length and testicular size from birth to 18 years in boys from Western Maharashtra

Survey of the reptilian fauna of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. V. The lizard fauna of Turaif region

Stretched penile length and its associations with testosterone and infertility

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