Reference intervals for the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of healthy canines

Kopanke, Jennifer; Chen, Annie V.; Brune, J; Brenna, Amanda C.; Thomovsky, Stephanie A.

doi:10.1111/vcp.12595

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…A study in 2013 13 had inconclusive findings on whether CSF lactate concentrations are correlated with peripheral blood lactate concentrations. Others found that canine serum total lactate dehydrogenase values were almost seven times that of the CSF 22 . For all dogs in this study, the median CSF lactate concentration was 2.1 mmol/L, which was greater than the median peripheral venous blood lactate concentration of 1.6 mmol/L.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Association between cerebrospinal fluid lactate concentration and central nervous system disease in dogs

Fitz

Reese²

2020

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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BackgroundCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is a sensitive tool for evaluating patients with neurologic diseases but is rarely specific. Biomarkers can be measured from any bodily fluid and can be useful indicators for the presence, severity, and prognosis of diseases.ObjectivesThis study was designed to evaluate if CSF lactate can be used as a biomarker in dogs with central nervous system disease.MethodsPeripheral venous blood and CSF were collected from 49 dogs with various intracranial diseases to evaluate correlations between blood and CSF lactate levels. Total nucleated cell count (TNCC) and CSF protein concentrations were also evaluated. All samples obtained were divided into normal (NG) and abnormal (AG) dogs based on a TNCC of ≤5 and >5 cells/μL and a protein concentration of ≤25 and >25 mg/dL, respectively. The AG dogs were further subdivided into those having <100 TNCCs/µL (AGL) and those having >100 TNCCs/µL (AGH). They were also subdivided into groups based on seizure activity (AGS), and inflammatory (AGI), or neoplastic diseases (AGN), and the respective lactate concentrations were then compared.ResultsLactate concentrations were significantly increased in CSF and venous blood samples in the AG compared with the NG dogs, but no differences were found among the individual disease processes. In all dogs, CSF lactate concentrations were higher than venous blood lactate levels; however, no direct correlation between CSF and blood lactate concentrations was identified.ConclusionsCerebrospinal fluid lactate can be used as a biomarker in clinical settings as it can be measured via a commercially available lactometer immediately after collection without the need for special instrumentation or laboratory personnel.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Association between cerebrospinal fluid lactate concentration and central nervous system disease in dogs

Fitz

Reese²

2020

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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“…Insignificant increase of serum cTnI in some of the presented breeds could be explained by chronic cardiac remodeling process with increased MMVD severity (Chan et al 2019). However, elevated CK and LDH levels may not only present with cardiac damage but also with several localized and systemic diseases (Aktas et al 1993;Bakirel and Gunes 2009;Kopanke et al 2018). Interestingly, the CRP was undetectable in MMVD dogs compared to healthy one as previously reported (Ljungvall et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Acquired Cardiac Diseases in 72 Dogs: A Prospective Study [2017-2020]

2022

Int J Vet Sci

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Although canine cardiac diseases are an important health problem worldwide, limited records document their prevalence in Egypt. Cardiac diseases may be of acquired or congenital origin. A prospective study was designed to report the prevalence of cardiac diseases in a population of client-owned dogs. Clinical, radiographic, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, and laboratory examinations were used to diagnose cardiac diseases. Cases were categorized according to the type of cardiac affection and the distribution. Demographic and biochemical data were statistically analyzed and expressed as mean and standard deviation (SD). The study population consisted of twenty different breeds, with the Griffon (n=20) and German shepherd dogs (GSDs) (n=14) the most affected groups. The male population (61.1%) was predominant in the affected breeds. The myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) (48.6%) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) (16.7%) formed a considerable population of the acquired affections. In conclusion, acquired cardiac affections showed only minor differences from previous geographical surveys. MMVD and DCM represent the most acquired cardiac diseases in the canine population.

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“…Financial and ethical constraints prohibited the inclusion of more dogs, and unfortunately, this meant that the study could have been underpowered, therefore potentially resulting in type II errors, for example when comparing urine creatinine and UPC between groups. However, while only 98 Greyhounds were included in the final analysis, this number compares favorably with many other veterinary studies that have established RIs 30‐32 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…However, while only 98 Greyhounds were included in the final analysis, this number compares favorably with many other veterinary studies that have established RIs. [30][31][32] Analytes are potentially influenced by storage, but this is unlikely to have affected the result of this study. Although urine samples were refrigerated at 4°C for up to 72 hours before UPC analysis;…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urine creatinine concentration and urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratios in healthy nonracing Greyhounds

Liffman

Courtman

Tennent‐Brown

et al. 2020

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Background: Serum creatinine concentrations are higher in Greyhounds when compared with nonsighthound breeds. Greyhounds might also have higher urine creatinine concentrations compared with other breeds, which could affect urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC) references. Objectives: We aimed to determine the UPC reference intervals (RIs) in healthy nonracing Greyhounds and compare this with UPC values in a group of healthy nonsighthounds and with the current International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) guidelines. Methods: The study used an observational cross-sectional design, involving clinically healthy, nonracing Greyhounds (n = 98) and nonsighthound dogs of similar weight, age, and sex (n = 24). Packed cell volumes, total solids, urine protein concentrations, serum and urine creatinine concentrations, urine specific gravity (USG) measurements, and UPCs were determined. Linear regression was used to compare urine creatinine and urine protein concentrations, relative to the USG measurements, between Greyhound and nonsighthound groups. Greyhound UPC RIs were determined using nonparametric methods and compared with UPC values in nonsighthounds and current IRIS guidelines.

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Reference intervals for the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of healthy canines

Abstract: Knowledge of the distribution and concentration of LD in the serum and CSF of healthy dogs will set the foundation for future studies of canine LD as a potentially clinically useful biomarker.

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

Association between cerebrospinal fluid lactate concentration and central nervous system disease in dogs

Association between cerebrospinal fluid lactate concentration and central nervous system disease in dogs

Acquired Cardiac Diseases in 72 Dogs: A Prospective Study [2017-2020]

Urine creatinine concentration and urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratios in healthy nonracing Greyhounds

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