Reference Intervals for Plasma Biochemical Variables by Point-of-Care Testing in Captive Black-tailed Prairie Dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus)

Eshar, David; Gardhouse, Sara; Schwartz, Diana; Beaufrère, Hugues

doi:10.30802/aalas-jaalas-18-000021

Cited by 3 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The difference between sexes have also been attributed to the higher oxygen binding capacity for male rather than female beech martens [ 53 ]. Contrary to the results of the current study, the concentration of TBL in male dogs is significantly lower than that in females [ 42 ], but the concentrations of TBL in male and female mink [ 39 ] and prairie dogs [ 108 ] do not differ.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The significantly greater body mass of male than female mink [ 39 ] might have been a factor contributing to the observed difference between sexes in the current study. Contrary to these findings, CREA concentrations in prairie dogs [ 108 ] and rats [ 41 ] were significantly higher in females than males, but no sex effect was reported for mink [ 39 , 106 ], healthy dogs and cats [ 48 ], and beech martens [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The significantly higher concentration of PHOS for males than females in the original and transformed data is in agreement with a finding in a previous report in mink [ 47 ], possibly as a result of an association of PHOS with sex hormones [ 104 , 105 ]. In contrast, no sex difference has been reported for PHOS in mink [ 106 ], dogs [ 42 , 107 ], and prairie dogs [ 108 ]. The significantly higher concentration of TBL in males than females in both the transformed and original data might have been associated with the relationship between TBL and hemoglobin metabolism [ 109 ], which is higher in males than females because the number of red blood cells (packed cell volume, erythrocytes, and hematocrit) and the hemoglobin concentration are significantly greater in male than in female mink [ 39 , 47 , 49 ], rats [ 41 ], and beech martens [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum Analytes of American Mink (Neovison Vison) Challenged with Aleutian Mink Disease Virus

Farid

Rupasinghe

2022

Animals

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Black American mink (Neovison vison), which had been selected for tolerance to Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) for more than 20 years (TG100) or were from herds that have been free of AMDV (TG0), along with their progeny and crosses with 50% and 75% tolerance ancestry, were inoculated with a local isolate of AMDV. Blood samples were collected from 493 mink between 120 and 1211 days post-inoculation, and concentrations of 14 serum analytes were measured. Distributions of all analytes significantly deviated from normality, and data were analyzed after Box–Cox power transformation. Significant differences were observed among tolerant groups in the concentrations of globulin (GLO), total protein (TP), alkaline phosphatase, urea nitrogen, and calcium. Concentrations of GLO and TP linearly and significantly decreased with an increasing percentage of tolerance ancestry. Eleven analytes had the smallest values in the tolerant groups (TG100 or TG75), and eight analytes had the greatest values in the non-selected groups (TG0 or TG50). Antibody titer had the greatest correlation coefficients with GLO (0.62), TP (0.53), and creatinine (0.36). It was concluded that selection for tolerance decreased the concentrations of most serum analytes, and TP and GLO were the most accurate biomarkers of tolerance to AMDV infection. Males had significantly greater values than females for phosphorus and total bilirubin concentrations, but females had significantly greater amylase, cholesterol, and BUN concentrations than males.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum Analytes of American Mink (Neovison Vison) Challenged with Aleutian Mink Disease Virus

Farid

Rupasinghe

2022

Animals

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“…The VetScan VS2 has featured in several reference interval studies, covering species ranging from domestic cats, to owls, prairie dogs and Sunda pangolins, to name just a few ( 13 , 18 , 22 , 23 , 31 ). This analyzer is a portable point-of-care device and requires a sample volume of only 0.1 mL, which makes it popular with veterinarians working with non-domestic species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blood samples from wildlife may also be submitted to reference laboratories, which have analyzers using different analytical methods. Several studies have demonstrated significant differences between results obtained from the VetScan VS2 and reference laboratory methods ( 23 , 31 – 34 ). Bias between the Vetscan VS2 and Cobas Integra was also found for most measurands, although the sample number and range of results used for the statistical analyses was lower than recommended ( 24 , 35 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference Intervals for Selected Hematology and Clinical Chemistry Measurands in Temminck's Pangolin (Smutsia temminckii)

2021

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Pangolins are the world's most trafficked non-human mammals. A significant number of Temminck's pangolins (Smutsia temminckii) are presented for veterinary care and rehabilitation in southern Africa. Little is known about the physiology and normal health of this species, making diagnosis and medical management difficult. This study aimed to establish reference intervals (RIs) for hematology and plasma clinical chemistry in the Temminck's pangolin. RIs were generated according to international guidelines using samples from 27 healthy free-living (n = 18) and rehabilitated (n = 9) pangolins. Hematology was performed using the Abaxis VetScan HM5 analyzer with manual differentials; clinical chemistry was performed using heparin plasma on the Abaxis VetScan VS2 and Cobas Integra 400 Plus analyzers. Hematology RIs were: RBC 3.88–8.31 × 1012/L, HGB 73–150 g/L, HCT 26–51%, MCV 59–72 fL, MCH 15.6–21.4 pg, MCHC 257–325 g/L, RDW 14.3–19.1%, WBC 1.80–10.71 × 109/L. Vetscan VS2 clinical chemistry RIs were: albumin 27–41 g/L, ALP 26–100 U/L, ALT 25–307 U/L, amylase 267–826 U/L, bilirubin 4–10 μmol/L, calcium 2.1–2.2 mmol/L, globulin 21–55 g/L, glucose 3.8–10.0 mmol/L, phosphate 1.3–2.6 mmol/L, potassium 3.6–5.9 mmol/L, sodium 132–140 mmol/L total protein 52–84 g/L, and urea 5.3–11.4 mmol/L. RIs for creatinine were not calculated as analytical imprecision exceeded analytical performance goals. Cobas Integra clinical chemistry RIs were: albumin 22–33 g/L, ALP 20–104 U/L, ALT 17–291 U/L, amylase 466–1,533 U/L, bilirubin 1–14 μmol/L, calcium 2.0–2.4 mmol/L, creatinine <58 μmol/L, globulin 23–49 g/L, glucose 3.6–10.1 mmol/L, phosphate 1.0–2.2 mmol/L, potassium 3.1–5.8 mmol/L, sodium 137–150 mmol/L, total protein 47–72 g/L, and urea 6.0–12.5 mmol/L. There was significant bias between the two chemistry analyzers for several measurands. Differences were found for some analytes between free-living and rehabilitated animals, probably reflecting differences in nutrition and hydration. These are the first RIs generated for Temminck's pangolin. These results will allow veterinarians to better determine pangolin health status, formulate optimal treatment plans and increase patient survival rates in this endangered species.

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Markers of inflammation in free‐living African elephants (Loxodonta africana): Reference intervals and diagnostic performance of acute phase reactants

Steyrer

Miller

Hewlett

et al. 2022

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Introduction Acute phase reactants (APRs) have not been investigated in free‐living African elephants (Loxodonta africana), and there is little information about negative APRs albumin and serum iron in elephants. Objectives We aimed to generate reference intervals (RIs) for APRs for free‐living African elephants, and to determine the diagnostic performance of APRs in apparently healthy elephants and elephants with inflammatory lesions. Methods Stored serum samples from 49 apparently healthy and 16 injured free‐living elephants were used. The following APRs and methods were included: albumin, bromocresol green; haptoglobin, colorimetric assay; serum amyloid A (SAA), multispecies immunoturbidometric assay, and serum iron with ferrozine method. Reference intervals were generated using the nonparametric method. Indices of diagnostic accuracy were determined by receiver‐operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results Reference intervals were: albumin 41–55 g/L, haptoglobin 0.16–3.51 g/L, SAA < 10 mg/L, and serum iron 8.60–16.99 μmol/L. Serum iron and albumin concentrations were lower and haptoglobin and SAA concentrations were higher in the injured group. Serum iron had the best ability to predict health or inflammation, followed by haptoglobin, SAA, and albumin, with the area under the ROC curve ranging from 0.88–0.93. Conclusions SAA concentrations were lower in healthy African vs Asian elephants, and species‐specific RIs should be used. Serum iron was determined to be a diagnostically useful negative APR which should be added to APR panels for elephants.

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Reference Intervals for Plasma Biochemical Variables by Point-of-Care Testing in Captive Black-tailed Prairie Dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus)

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Serum Analytes of American Mink (Neovison Vison) Challenged with Aleutian Mink Disease Virus

Serum Analytes of American Mink (Neovison Vison) Challenged with Aleutian Mink Disease Virus

Reference Intervals for Selected Hematology and Clinical Chemistry Measurands in Temminck's Pangolin (Smutsia temminckii)

Markers of inflammation in free‐living African elephants (Loxodonta africana): Reference intervals and diagnostic performance of acute phase reactants

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