Reference Electrodes and Liquid Junction Effects in Ion-Selective Electrode Potentiometry

Covington, A. K.; Rebelo, M. J. F.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-031492-1.50006-1

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Note 5: The subject of liquid junction effects in ion-selective electrode potentiometry has been comprehensively reviewed [20]. Harper [21] and Bagg [22] have made computer calculations of LJPs for simple three-ion junctions (such as HCl + KCl), the only ones for which mobility and activity coefficient data are available.…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of pH Definition, Standards, and Procedures

Buck¹,

Rondinini²,

Covington³

et al. 2010

Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Edition

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Republication or reproduction of this report or its storage and/or dissemination by electronic means is permitted without the Measurement of pH. Definition, standards, and procedures (IUPAC Recommendations 2002)Abstract: The definition of a "primary method of measurement" [1] has permitted a full consideration of the definition of primary standards for pH, determined by a primary method (cell without transference, Harned cell), of the definition of secondary standards by secondary methods, and of the question whether pH, as a conventional quantity, can be incorporated within the internationally accepted system of measurement, the International System of Units (SI, Système International d'Unités). This approach has enabled resolution of the previous compromise IUPAC 1985 Recommendations [2]. Furthermore, incorporation of the uncertainties for the primary method, and for all subsequent measurements, permits the uncertainties for all procedures to be linked to the primary standards by an unbroken chain of comparisons. Thus, a rational choice can be made by the analyst of the appropriate procedure to achieve the target uncertainty of sample pH. Accordingly, this document explains IUPAC recommended definitions, procedures, and terminology relating to pH measurements in dilute aqueous solutions in the temperature range 5-50 °C. Details are given of the primary and secondary methods for measuring pH and the rationale for the assignment of pH values with appropriate uncertainties to selected primary and secondary substances.

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Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of pH Definition, Standards, and Procedures

Buck¹,

Rondinini²,

Covington³

et al. 2010

Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Edition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The subject of liquid junction effects in ion-selective electrode potentiometry has been comprehensively reviewed [20]. Harper [21] and Bagg [22] have made computer calculations of LJPs for simple three-ion junctions (such as HCl + KCl), the only ones for which mobility and activity coefficient data are available.…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of pH: Definition, Standards, and Procedures. (IUPAC Recommendations 2002)

2003

Chemistry International -- Newsmagazine for IUPAC

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The definition of a "primary method of measurement" [1] has permitted a full consideration of the definition of primary standards for pH, determined by a primary method (cell without transference, Harned cell), of the definition of secondary standards by secondary methods, and of the question whether pH, as a conventional quantity, can be incorporated within the internationally accepted system of measurement, the International System of Units (SI, Système International d'Unités). This approach has enabled resolution of the previous compromise IUPAC 1985 Recommendations [2]. Furthermore, incorporation of the uncertainties for the primary method, and for all subsequent measurements, permits the uncertainties for all procedures to be linked to the primary standards by an unbroken chain of comparisons. Thus, a rational choice can be made by the analyst of the appropriate procedure to achieve the target uncertainty of sample pH. Accordingly, this document explains IUPAC recommended definitions, procedures, and terminology relating to pH measurements in dilute aqueous solutions in the temperature range 5-50 °C. Details are given of the primary and secondary methods for measuring pH and the rationale for the assignment of pH values with appropriate uncertainties to selected primary and secondary substances.

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“…The error can be estimated by the use of the Henderson equation (7)(8)(9). The rljp error introduces an uncertainty, probably of the order of 1 mV.…”

Section: Residual Liquid Junction Potential (Rljp) Errormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 for Na + and Fig. n m M + = m tM -Σm MBj [5] j = l or, introducing the equilibrium constants of these complexes: The active molality may be converted to the relative (molal) activity by dividing by m Θ = 1mol/kg a m,M + = m M +/m Θ [10] Combining and rearranging equations [4,8,9,10] From equation [10] can also be derived equation [13] ∼ n c tM = c M + ρ H2O (1 + ΣK' MBj c Bj -)/(γ M + ρ* H2O ) [13] j = 1 n m M + = m tM -Σm MBj [5] j = l or, introducing the equilibrium constants of these complexes: The active molality may be converted to the relative (molal) activity by dividing by m Θ = 1mol/kg a m,M + = m M +/m Θ [10] Combining and rearranging equations [4,8,9,10] From equation [10] can also be derived equation [13] ∼ n c tM = c M + ρ H2O (1 + ΣK' MBj c Bj -)/(γ M + ρ* H2O ) [13] j = 1…”

Section: Relationship Between Ion Activity and Total Substance Concenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Ion-Selective Electrodes for Blood-Electrolyte Analysis. Recommendations for Nomenclature, Definitions and Conventions

Burnett¹,

Covington²,

Fogh-Andersen³

et al. 2000

CCLM

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This paper will familiarize the reader with the terms used to describe the behavior of ion-selective electrodes, particularly in relation to their use in clinical chemistry for determination of blood electrolyte cations. It serves as an introduction to a series of papers dealing with important cations in blood, namely calcium, sodium, and potassium. The detailed relationships between the ion activity determined by means of ion-selective electrode potentiometry in undiluted specimens, and the total substance concentration measured by flame atomic-emission spectrometry are described by flow chart and equations. Adoption of a convention for reporting results is recommended. The Working Group on Selective Electrodes has taken into account recent revisions of IUPAC recommendations on nomenclature and selectivity coefficient determinations for ion-selective electrodes, and benefited from the experience of a member of the WG, who was also involved in the IUPAC discussions. Nomenclature for determined quantities follows previous IUPAC/IFCC joint recommendations.

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Reference Electrodes and Liquid Junction Effects in Ion-Selective Electrode Potentiometry

Cited by 31 publications

References 57 publications

Measurement of pH Definition, Standards, and Procedures

Measurement of pH Definition, Standards, and Procedures

Measurement of pH: Definition, Standards, and Procedures. (IUPAC Recommendations 2002)

Use of Ion-Selective Electrodes for Blood-Electrolyte Analysis. Recommendations for Nomenclature, Definitions and Conventions

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