Reexamination of the RICO Method

Artok, Levent; Murata, Satoru; Nomura, Masakatsu; Satoh, Tetsuya

doi:10.1021/ef9701551

Cited by 36 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…GC/MS analysis shows that the distributions of carboxylic acids from different coal oxidation methods are quite different. For aliphatic acids, the products from RICO of coals are usually rich in AAs and ADAs having wide range of carbon numbers (C 2 to C 34 for AAs and C 4 to C 29 for ADAs) (Murata et al, , ; Artok et al, ; Kidena et al, ; Huang et al, ; Yao et al, ), whereas coal oxidation with NaOCl produces abundant short‐chain AAs (most with chloro‐substituents) and short‐chain ADAs (Yao et al, ; Liu et al, ,). H 2 O 2 only shows high reactivity towards low‐rank coals and short‐chain ADAs like malonic acid and succinic acid are usually the major carboxylic acids resulting from oxidation in H 2 O 2 aqueous solution (Pan et al, ; Doskočil et al, ; Liu et al, ).…”

Section: Small‐molecular Chemicals In Cdls Identified By Gc/msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The molecular structures of these carboxylic acids can be determined by GC/MS after esterification with different methods (Murata et al, 2001;Yao et al, 2010;Pan et al, 2013;Lv et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2015b). Coal mild oxidation mainly includes ruthenium ion-catalyzed oxidation (RICO) (Stock & Wang, 1985, 1986Murata et al, 1994Murata et al, , 2001Artok et al, 1998;Kidena et al, 2004;Huang et al, 2008;Yao et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2013b;Wang et al, 2013cWang et al, , 2015bLv et al, 2014), oxidation in H 2 O 2 aqueous solution (Miura et al, 1996;Mae, Shindo, & Miura, 2001;Liu et al, 2013bLiu et al, , 2015bPan et al, 2013;Dosko cil et al, 2014;Tahmasebi et al, 2015), and oxidation in NaOCl aqueous solution (Yao et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2013b,c;Wang et al, 2014b), according to different oxidants.…”

Section: B Hydrocarbons and Oxygen-containing Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of mass spectrometry in the characterization of chemicals in coal‐derived liquids

Liu

Fan

Wei

et al. 2016

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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Coal-derived liquids (CDLs) are primarily generated from pyrolysis, carbonization, gasification, direct liquefaction, low-temperature extraction, thermal dissolution, and mild oxidation. CDLs are important feedstocks for producing value-added chemicals and clean liquid fuels as well as high performance carbon materials. Accordingly, the compositional characterization of chemicals in CDLs at the molecular level with advanced analytical techniques is significant for the efficient utilization of CDLs. Although reviews on advancements have been rarely reported, great progress has been achieved in this area by using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), two-dimensional GC-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS), and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). This review focuses on characterizing hydrocarbon, oxygen-containing, nitrogen-containing, sulfur-containing, and halogen-containing chemicals in various CDLs with these three mass spectrometry techniques. Small molecular (< 500 u), volatile and semi-volatile, and less polar chemicals in CDLs have been identified with GC/MS and GC × GC-TOFMS. By equipped with two-dimensional GC, GC × GC-TOFMS can achieve a clearly chromatographic separation of complex chemicals in CDLs without prior fractionation, and thus can overcome the disadvantages of co-elution and serious peak overlap in GC/MS analysis, providing much more compositional information. With ultrahigh resolving power and mass accuracy, FT-ICR MS reveals a huge number of compositionally distinct compounds assigned to various chemical classes in CDLs. It shows excellent performance in resolving and characterizing higher-molecular, less volatile, and polar chemicals that cannot be detected by GC/MS and GC × GC-TOFMS. The application of GC × GC-TOFMS and FT-ICR MS to chemical characterization of CDLs is not as prevalent as that of petroleum and largely remains to be developed in many respects. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 36:543-579, 2017.

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Section: Small‐molecular Chemicals In Cdls Identified By Gc/msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Hydrocarbons and Oxygen-containing Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of mass spectrometry in the characterization of chemicals in coal‐derived liquids

Liu

Fan

Wei

et al. 2016

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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“…27, [116][117][118][119][120][121]132 Detailed analysis of the products from the RICO of Yallourn and South Banko lignites was performed with field desorption mass spectrometer and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance. 27 The results indicate that water-soluble portions consist of alkanedioic acids and BCAs with long alkyl side chains and organic phases contain a large amount of alkanoic acids with long alkyl groups up to C 38 .…”

Section: Ruthenium Ion-catalyzed Oxidation (Rico)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Lignite Extraction and Conversion under Mild Conditions

Wei

Yan

et al. 2015

Energy Fuels

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Lignites are abundant coal resources, but they are low-quality fuel for direct combustion because of their high water content, high ash yield, and low calorific value. Upgrading technologies for lignites such as drying and pyrolysis have been widely investigated. Lignite conversion under mild conditions for producing ash-free coals, value-added chemicals, and/or liquid fuels also deserves attention. This paper reviews recent developments in extraction and mild conversion of lignites. The related techniques, including sequential extraction, thermal dissolution, mild oxidation, and catalytic hydroconversion of lignites, are summarized in detail. In addition, the application of high resolution mass spectrometry in determining lignite-derived products is presented. Future investigations on efficient utilization of lignites are also suggested.

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“…The RICO method is useful for characterization of aromatic and aliphatic components of organic materials but requires considerable analysis and consideration of multiple pathways to generate the same products. 23 Although coal pyrolysis products could be too degraded to provide detailed information regarding the parent coal structure, spectroscopic …”

Section: And Alemanymentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitution of Illinois No. 6 Argonne Premium Coal: A Review

Castro-Marcano

Mathews

2011

Energy Fuels

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A review of the chemical and physical structural features of the Argonne Premium Illinois No. 6 coal is presented. The topics covered include aromatic and aliphatic components, functional groups and heteroatoms, molecular weight distribution, nature of the cross-linked network, porosity, surface area, and density. 13 C NMR indicated that Illinois No. 6 high-volatile bituminous coal contains 15 aromatic carbons (three to four fused aromatic rings) and 5 attachments per cluster, and an average cluster molecular weight of 316 Da. Methyl units are the most abundant pendant alkyl groups. XPS data showed that organic oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur functionalities are primarily ether and phenolic, pyrrolic, and thiophenic groups, respectively. Solvent swelling studies suggested that Illinois coal structure is composed of a covalently bonded network of aromatic clusters that are extensively hydrogen bonded. SANS analyses showed that Illinois coal is mostly microporous and 129 Xe NMR indicated that the pore structure of Illinois coal consisted of two distinct regions with average pore diameter of 6 and 10 Å.

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Reexamination of the RICO Method

Cited by 36 publications

References 17 publications

Application of mass spectrometry in the characterization of chemicals in coal‐derived liquids

Application of mass spectrometry in the characterization of chemicals in coal‐derived liquids

Advances in Lignite Extraction and Conversion under Mild Conditions

Constitution of Illinois No. 6 Argonne Premium Coal: A Review

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