Reexamination of cerebellar responses to stimulation of sensorimotor areas of the cerebral cortex

Oka, Hiroshi; Yasuda, Takashi; Jinnai, Kohnosuke; Yoneda, Y.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(76)90717-4

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In general, the present results have confirmed those of previous studies on the cortico-olivo-cerebellar projection Miller et al 1969a; Allen et al 1974a, b;Miles & Wiesendanger, 1975a, b;Sasaki et al 1975;Oka et al 1976Oka et al , 1979Rowe 1977a). Summarizing these reports, there is a somatotopically organized climbing fibre input to nearly all Purkinje cells in the anterior lobe from the p.s.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The ascending paths, the spino-olivo-cerebellar paths (s.o.c.p.s), have been thoroughly investigated with respect to their functional properties, as well as to their origin and course in the spinal cord and their termination areas in narrow sagittal strips in the cortex of the cerebellar anterior lobe (for references see Ekerot, Larson & Oscarsson, 1979;Armstrong & Schild, 1980;Oscarsson, 1980). The climbing fibre input to the cerebellum from the cerebral cortex has also been described in several reports (Provini, Redman & Strata, 1968;Miller, Nezlina & Oscarsson, 1969 a; Allen, Azzena & Ohno, 1974 a, b;Miles & Wiesendanger, 1975 a, b;Sasaki, Oka, Matsuda, Shimono & Mizuno, 1975; Oka, Yasuda, Jinnai & Yoneda, 1976;Oka, Jinnai, & Yamamoto, 1979;Rowe, 1977 a), as have the responses in the inferior olive to stimulation of the cerebral cortex (Armstrong & Harvey, 1966;Crill & Kennedy, 1967;Crill, 1970). These studies showed a topographically organized convergence of peripheral and cortical climbing fibre inputs to the cerebellum, which is consistent with the comparator hypothesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

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Origin and sagittal termination areas of cerebro‐cerebellar climbing fibre paths in the cat.

Andersson¹,

Nyquist²

1983

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Climbing fibre responses were recorded in the cerebellar anterior lobe on stimulation of the cerebral cortex. A zonal pattern was demonstrated in the cortical projection, which was related to the cerebellar sagittal zones, as identified from peripheral climbing fibre input. In all zones, except c2, a co-variation of the responses evoked on peripheral nerve stimulation and on stimulation of the corresponding part of the sensorimotor cortex was found.2. There was a bilateral projection to the a, b, c2 and dl zones which also, to a varying extent, receive a bilateral peripheral input. The x, cl and c3 zones, receiving an ipsilateral peripheral input, were activated exclusively from the contralateral cortex.3. Stimulation of the posterior sigmoid gyrus (p.s.g.) evoked responses in all the zones. These responses had, in all zones except dl, lower thresholds and shorter latencies than the responses from other cortical areas.4. Two separate p.s.g areas were shown to project to the pars intermedia zones (cl, c2, c3 and dl), the lateral area to the caudal parts and the medial area to the rostral parts of the zones. In contrast, the b zone received a projection from only one p.s.g. area, centred between, but overlapping, the two areas projecting to the pars intermedia zones.5. Stimulation of the anterior sigmoid gyrus evoked short-latency responses in the dl zone and long-latency responses in all other zones.6. Stimulation of the first and second somatosensory areas (SI and SII) was generally less effective in evoking climbing fibre responses than was stimulation of the p.s.g. The only exception was the c2 zone, in which responses were evoked from the SII with nearly as low thresholds and short latencies as on p.s.g. stimulation.7. From the parietal cortex, long-latency responses were regularly evoked in the dl zone and less frequently in the a, b and c2 zones.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Origin and sagittal termination areas of cerebro‐cerebellar climbing fibre paths in the cat.

Andersson¹,

Nyquist²

1983

The Journal of Physiology

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“…This assumption may be supported by the physiological finding that the climbing fibre responses in the cerebellar cortex to stimulation of the parietal association cortex appeared at latency of a few milliseconds longer (17-19 ms) than those to stimulation of the frontal motor cortex (Sasaki et al, 1975). This may be also supported by the finding that the climbing fibre responses to stimulation of the lateral frontal motor cortex mostly presented a shorter latency of 12-16 ms while those to stimulation of the medial frontal motor cortex showed not infrequently a longer latency of 17-21 ms (Oka et al, 1976). The existence of the indirect cortico-olivary pathway will be shown later with histological evidence.…”

Section: Extracellular Unitary Activities In the Inferior Olive Evokementioning

confidence: 64%

The parieto-rubro-olivary pathway in the cat

Oka

Jinnai²,

Yamamoto

1979

Exp Brain Res

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Stimulation of the parietal association cortex as well as the frontal motor cortex elicited clearly extracellular unitary activities or field potentials in the ipsilateral inferior olive in the cat. The parietal-induced responses came out generally at a longer and more variable latency than the frontal-induced ones. This suggested the existence of an indirect pathway from the parietal association cortex to the inferior olive. The recording sites for the parietal-induced responses were located not only in the dorsal lamella but also in the ventral lamella of the principal olive and in the medial accessory olive. Such olivary sites were exclusively in the rostral half of the inferior olive, and these areas in the olive were considered to give projection fibres predominantly to the hemispherical parts of the cerebe-lar cortex (neocerebellum). Small neuronal cells were labelled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) homolaterally in the midbrain tegmentum, after HRP was injected through recording glass microelectrodes into the inferior olive where only the parietal-induced responses were evidently recorded. These small cells were distributed in the rostral one-third of the red nucleus and/or around the adjacent midbrain reticular formation close to the lateral border of the red nucleus. In referring to recent anatomical and physiological data, such small neurones labelled with HRP could be identified as the parvocellular red nucleus neurones. The present results indicate the existence of the parieto-rubro-olivary pathway system in the cat and suggest, in association with our previous studies, that the parvocellular red nucleus neurones participate in control of highly co-ordinated posture and movement predominantly through the neocerebellum.

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“…Earlier macroe lectrode surface stimulating and recording evoked potential techniques were not cap able of resolving the fine-grained patterns of cerebro-cerebellar projections Deura, 1961;Dow, 1942a, b;Hampson, 1949;Hampson et al, 1950;Jansen, 1957;Oka et al, 1976;Provini et al, 1968;Sasaki et al, 1977;Snider and Eldred, 1951], It was the aim of this study to see if the SI projection to the cerebellar tactile areas conforms to the fractured pat chy mosaic of peripheral projections to the granule cell (GC) layer of cerebellar cortex. We found that the SI-GC projec tions were indeed so organized and we have described ten major features of their patterns of organization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles of Organization of a Cerebro-Cerebellar Circuit

et al. 1981

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We defined spatial patterns of organization of projections from somatosensory cerebral cortex (SI) to the somatosensory cerebellar cortex of anesthetized albino rats using microelectrode (stimulation and recording) micromapping methods and low-threshold cutaneous (tactile) stimulation. Two sampling strategies were used: (1) a single cerebral SI locus in layers V-VI was stimulated electrically, while a responding region of the cerebellar granule cell (GC) layer was systematically mapped with a recording electrode; (2) the SI stimulating electrode was used as the mapping electrode while the cerebellar GC eletrode remained fixed. We found highly specific patterns of connections between somatotopically organized SI cortex and the somatotopically fractured tactile cerebellar cortex. Using threshold stimulating currents in SI, the projections from small populations of neural elements were found to be highly restricted, terminating within the confines of only those tactile cerebellar hemispheric locations having the same receptive fields (RFs). These SI-GC projections conform to the patchy mosaic pattern of organization previously shown for peripheral tactile projections. SI projections to GC patches were either contralateral or ipsilateral, depending on the laterality of the peripheral projections to that patch. Each SI focus projected to only a portion of a patch; projections from several adjacent SI loci overlapped serially within a patch. As with the peripherally evoked GC layer responses, SI-evoked GC responses were organized in a columnar fashion and were maximal at middle levels of the GC layer; SI-GC latencies were 5–8 ms. These data reveal that this tactile-related cerebro-cerebellar circuit exhibits precisely organized patterns of projection.

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Reexamination of cerebellar responses to stimulation of sensorimotor areas of the cerebral cortex

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

Origin and sagittal termination areas of cerebro‐cerebellar climbing fibre paths in the cat.

Origin and sagittal termination areas of cerebro‐cerebellar climbing fibre paths in the cat.

The parieto-rubro-olivary pathway in the cat

Principles of Organization of a Cerebro-Cerebellar Circuit

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