Reevaluating the grandmother hypothesis

Watkins, A. E.

doi:10.1007/s40656-021-00455-x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Although males participate in reproduction, limitations on a population's reproductive capability are substantially determined by females 9 . Various explanations for this observation have been suggested 17 . One possible explanation is that humans have extensive verbal communications capability, not possessed by other mammals.…”

Section: Evolution Of Acquisition Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Programmed Aging, Digital Genetics, and the Evolution of Acquisition Traits in Mammals

Goldsmith

2023

Preprint

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Programmed aging refers to the idea that mammals (and some other multiparous sexually reproducing organisms) evolved complex biological mechanisms that cause gradually increasing fitness deterioration and internally limit individual organism lifetimes. The rationale is that this process enhances the survival (non-extinction) of a species population. Evolvability theories propose that mammals have evolved design characteristics that aid their ability to evolve, that is, reduce the time required for a particular increment of evolutionary adaptation and/or increase the precision with which the adaptation can be performed. Because an increase in evolvability aids a population in escaping extinction, evolution selects the associated design characteristics. Both of these concepts conflict with traditional (Darwinian) theory regarding the nature of evolution. However, more recent genetics discoveries have exposed rich detail regarding the nature of the evolution process including the fact that biological inheritance involves the transmission of organism design information from parent to descendant in digital form. These discoveries have acted to support both programmed aging and evolvability theories. Acquisition traits are those that depend for their evolutionary (fitness) value on the acquisition of something that gradually accumulates during an organism’s life but is not transmitted genetically to descendants. This situation causes these traits including language, immunity, intelligence, and social status to represent a special need for evolvability and programmed aging.

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Section: Evolution Of Acquisition Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Programmed Aging, Digital Genetics, and the Evolution of Acquisition Traits in Mammals

Goldsmith

2023

Preprint

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“…Di sisi lain, periode pascareproduksi ("grandmotherhood") yang cukup panjang dengan harapan hidup hingga 27-30 tahun (Pollycove et al, 2001;Kirchengast, 2017), dapat dimanfaatkan seorang wanita untuk memberikan bantuan yang lebih banyak kepada anak-anak dan cucu-cucu mereka dalam pemeliharaan dan meningkatkan keberlangsungan hidup keturunannya. Nenek memfasilitasi tujuan ini dengan mengawasi cucunya, sehingga ibu dapat melakukan tugas lain seperti mengumpulkan dan menyediakan makanan (Bogin and Smith, 1996;Sievert, 2006;Watkins, 2021). Oleh karena itu, periode reproduksi yang pendek pada Wanita Suku Jawa di Oransbari memberikan keuntungan bagi seorang nenek mengalokasikan energi untuk membantu merawat cucu mereka agar dapat memiliki kualitas serta kemampuan survival atau bertahan hidup dikondisi biokultur yang kurang menguntungkan.…”

Section: Gambar 1 Grafik Usia Menarke Dan Usia Menopause Suku Jawaunclassified

Reproduction Period Of Javanese Women

Kusumawati,

Kawulur,

Rohmatullayaly

2024

JNC

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A woman's reproductive life goes through several phases including menstruation, childbirth and menopause. The first menstrual event experienced by a woman is called menarche, while the end of the menstrual period is called menopause. The age intervals for menarche and menopause describe the reproductive period or fertile age for a woman to become pregnant and give birth. The postreproductive period characterized by menopause is related to a woman's life expectancy and is important for assessing the quality of life. This research aims to determine the reproductive period of Javanese women in Oransbari, South Manokwari Regency. Cross-sectional research was conducted on women with an average age of 51.73 years with an interval of 40.18-69.59 years. The inclusion criteria were women who had experienced menopause. The age of menarche and menopause were analyzed using the Generalized Linear Model (GLM) in the R program. We found that the age at menarche (12.3 years) and age at menopause (43.1 years) of Javanese women in Oransbari were relatively young. This condition results in a shorter reproductive period (30.8 years) compared to several populations in Indonesia such as Sunda, Baduy, Tengger, Lampung, and Semendo. The reproductive period, which tends to be short, might be an adaptive response to environmental challenges that were less favourable as a pioneer transmigration society, such as high physical activity and low socio-economic conditions. The biocultural conditions experienced in the early life of Oransbari form a reproductive period that starts and ends early as an adaptive response to maximize reproductive success. Thus, women's reproductive health especially communities in isolated and remote areas, needs to be studied and become one of the government's focuses in considering intervention policies related to the health and welfare of the elderly and demographics

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Transgenerational Communitarianism in a Global Interconnected World: A Critique

Bonatti

Lorenzetti

2023

The Monist

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We discuss how transgenerational communitarianism deals with public decisions involving tradeoffs between different generations’ wellbeing and having global consequences. Policies for tackling climate change are an example. Although there is a natural, evolutionary, basis for intergenerational altruism, most people lack the competencies for constituting a transgenerational community. Moreover, greater attention to future generations’ wellbeing need not substitute for collective action: a lower discount rate reflecting a stronger concern for future generations may even worsen their wellbeing. Finally, in a world of irreducible value pluralism, there is no community of persons sharing moral values that can legitimize common policies for addressing global problems: only the common interest of avoiding destructive consequences may motivate collective action to face problems like climate change.

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Reevaluating the grandmother hypothesis

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Programmed Aging, Digital Genetics, and the Evolution of Acquisition Traits in Mammals

Programmed Aging, Digital Genetics, and the Evolution of Acquisition Traits in Mammals

Reproduction Period Of Javanese Women

Transgenerational Communitarianism in a Global Interconnected World: A Critique

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