Reelin Functions, Mechanisms of Action and Signaling Pathways During Brain Development and Maturation

Jossin, Yves

doi:10.3390/biom10060964

Cited by 110 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 261 publications

(376 reference statements)

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“…Secreted factors such as reelin, semaphorins, and neurotrophic factors play important roles in instructing neuronal polarity and migration during early development, and are executed by distinct kinase pathways. We direct readers to in depth reviews detailing how these extrinsic cues and growth factors regulate early brain development (Huang and Reichardt, 2001;Yazdani and Terman, 2006;Jossin, 2020). Here we will focus primarily on the kinase signaling pathways important for dendritic growth, structure and functional maturation.…”

Section: Kinase Pathways That Regulate Dendrite Structure Function Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinase Signaling in Dendritic Development and Disease

Nourbakhsh

Yadav

2021

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Dendrites undergo extensive growth and remodeling during their lifetime. Specification of neurites into dendrites is followed by their arborization, maturation, and functional integration into synaptic networks. Each of these distinct developmental processes is spatially and temporally controlled in an exquisite fashion. Protein kinases through their highly specific substrate phosphorylation regulate dendritic growth and plasticity. Perturbation of kinase function results in aberrant dendritic growth and synaptic function. Not surprisingly, kinase dysfunction is strongly associated with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Herein, we review, (a) key kinase pathways that regulate dendrite structure, function and plasticity, (b) how aberrant kinase signaling contributes to dendritic dysfunction in neurological disorders and (c) emergent technologies that can be applied to dissect the role of protein kinases in dendritic structure and function.

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Section: Kinase Pathways That Regulate Dendrite Structure Function Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinase Signaling in Dendritic Development and Disease

Nourbakhsh

Yadav

2021

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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“…Among them, Reelin has been studied more extensively than other molecules for its molecular guidance mechanisms. Reelin in the upper preplate or MZ is suitably positioned to provide a stop signal to cells at the end of their migrational journey (Frotscher et al., 2009; Jossin, 2020; Sekine et al., 2014; Yu et al., 2014). Finally, with neocortical development, the laminar cortex is formed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell cycle during neuronal migration and neocortical lamination

Wei

Fan

et al. 2021

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Objectives In order to understand the relationships between neocortical lamination and cell cycle, various cells, such as neural stem cell, migrating postmitotic neuron, Cajal‐Retzius (CR) cell, and mature pyramidal cell in various cell phases were investigated in mouse cortices. Methods With mouse neocortex and hippocampus, the immunofluorescent labeling, BrdU assay, and DiI tracing technique were implemented in the study. Results (1) During mouse development, the neocortex expressed different proteins, such as FOXP2, CDP, and Nestin, which could be used as the markers for cortical lamination. (2) The neural stem cells were mainly located in the subventricular zone, with the expressions of Nestin, Cyclin A2, Cyclin E1, and CDT1, suggesting that they were in the repeated cell cycle. Furthermore, the migrating neurons in the neocortex were Cyclin D1‐ (G1 phase‐specific marker) positive, suggesting that they were in the G1 phase. However, Pyramidal cells that developed from postmitotic migrating neurons and settled in the cortical plate were Cyclin D1‐ negative, suggesting that they were in the G0 phase. (3) Reelin positive CR cells appeared in the molecular layer of the neocortex in early embryonic day (E10), which could express Cyclin A2, Cyclin E1, and CDT1 as pyramidal cells, but not Cyclin D1, suggesting that they may have exited the cell cycle and entered the G0 phase. Conclusion The neural migration, neural proliferation, and cell cycle alterations play an important role during cortical lamination. During the cortical development and lamination, the neural stem cells and migrating postmitotic neurons are in different cell cycle phases, but pyramidal cells and CR cells have exited the cell cycle.

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“…Together with ApoE receptor, VLDL receptor participates in brain development modulating the Reelin signaling pathway (Lane-Donovan and Herz, 2017). This latter is critical for synaptic formation and plasticity as well as morphogenesis of mouse cerebellum (Jossin, 2020). Anxa6 together with NPC proteins mediates endosomal trafficking of cholesterol (Cubells et al, 2007).…”

Section: Alternative Splicing As An Additional Mode Of Regulation Of Cholesterol Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Dimensional Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Modulation of Cholesterol Metabolism as Highly Integrated Response to Brain Injury

et al. 2021

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Zebrafish is an attractive model to investigate regeneration of the nervous system. Despite major progress in our understanding of the underlying processes, the transcriptomic changes are largely unknown. We carried out a computational analysis of the transcriptome of the regenerating telencephalon integrating changes in the expression of mRNAs, their splice variants and investigated the putative role of regulatory RNAs in the modulation of these transcriptional changes. Profound changes in the expression of genes and their splice variants engaged in many distinct processes were observed. Differential transcription and splicing are important processes in response to injury of the telencephalon. As exemplified by the coordinated regulation of the cholesterol synthesizing enzymes and transporters, the genome responded to injury of the telencephalon in a multi-tiered manner with distinct and interwoven changes in expression of enzymes, transporters and their regulatory molecules. This coordinated genomic response involved a decrease of the mRNA of the key transcription factor SREBF2, induction of microRNAs (miR-182, miR-155, miR-146, miR-31) targeting cholesterol genes, shifts in abundance of splice variants as well as regulation of long non-coding RNAs. Cholesterol metabolism appears to be switched from synthesis to relocation of cholesterol. Based on our in silico analyses, this switch involves complementary and synergistic inputs by different regulatory principles. Our studies suggest that adaptation of cholesterol metabolism is a key process involved in regeneration of the injured zebrafish brain.

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Reelin Functions, Mechanisms of Action and Signaling Pathways During Brain Development and Maturation

Cited by 110 publications

References 261 publications

Kinase Signaling in Dendritic Development and Disease

Kinase Signaling in Dendritic Development and Disease

Cell cycle during neuronal migration and neocortical lamination

Multi-Dimensional Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Modulation of Cholesterol Metabolism as Highly Integrated Response to Brain Injury

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