IEC 61850 General Overview IEC 61850 is a standard developed by the IEC's Technical Committee 57 (TC57). It specifies guidelines for communication between IEDs for the automation of substations. Although initially limited to the application within substations, it is being expanded to include substation-to-substation communication, substation-to-control center communication and communication systems for hydroelectric power plants, distributed energy resources, wind turbines and others. [2] IEC 61850 suggests specified ways to model substation IEDs to facilitate the communication between them. It is a set of conceptual rules which are independent of any particular current products, operating systems, programming languages, middleware, communication systems or vendors. [2] IEDs are modeled as a set of logical nodes according to the IED's functional decomposition. Each logical node has multiple data groups and each data group has multiple data attributes. An example of a logical node is the circuit breaker with the logical node name "XCBR". One of the data groups of this node is "Position" and one of the data attributes of this data group is "Status value". [2] IEC 61850 encompasses the strong points of the OSI 7-layer communication model. The two key message types, namely Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) and Sampled Values, are mapped using the bottom two layers, namely Data Link and Physical Layer. The client-server communication is mapped using all 7 layers. GOOSE messages are used for multicast peer-to-peer communication between IEDs and communication between IEDs and the substation computer. GOOSE messages are event-driven and not published on one specific time interval. Sampled Values messages are used for communication between