Reductions in anti-inflammatory gut bacteria are associated with depression in a sample of young adults

Liu, Richard T.; Rowan-Nash, Aislinn D.; Sheehan, Ana E.; Walsh, Rachel F.L.; Sanzari, Christina M.; Korry, Benjamin J.; Belenky, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.026

Cited by 157 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 191 publications

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“…As for alpha diversity, our results are consistent with the latest meta-analysis, which found no difference in alpha diversity between patients with MDD and HC (58). History studies showed ambiguous results of beta diversity, including increasing and no difference due to individual heterogeneity and using different measuring instruments and analysis software (35,36,59). Our results reported different microbiota compositions between the two groups, similar to Chung et al (11).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Gut Microbiome Composition Associated With Major Depressive Disorder and Sleep Quality

Zhang

Yun

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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The microbiota–gut–brain axis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and related subclinical symptoms. However, studies on the gut microbiota in MDD are inconsistent, and data on MDD's effects on sleep are lacking. This study aimed to analyze the gut microbiota composition and sleep quality of patients with MDD. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples from 36 patients with MDD and 45 healthy controls (HC). Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, depressive severity with the Hamilton Depression Scale, and insomnia severity using the Insomnia Severity Index. Forty-eight microbiota targets showed significant differences between MDD and HC. In MDD, six microbiota targets were associated with the severity of depression, 11 with sleep quality, and 3 with sleep severity. At the genus level, Dorea was simultaneously related to depression and sleep quality, while Intestinibacter was more closely related to sleep problems. Coprococcus and Intestinibacter were associated with sleep quality independent of the severity of depression. In conclusion, the present findings enable a better understanding of the relationship between gut microbiota and MDD-related symptoms. Gut microbiota alterations may become potential biomarkers and/or treatment targets for sleep quality in MDD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Gut Microbiome Composition Associated With Major Depressive Disorder and Sleep Quality

Zhang

Yun

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Schulthess et al have recently shown that preconditioning of macrophages with butyrate induced their antimicrobial effects, which restrict intestinal bacterial growth and increased resistance to entero-pathogens [69]. In addition, the microbiota of young adults with depression were depleted in major butyrate producers and pathways of SCFA generation [70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Prebiotic Potential of a Commercial Synbiotic Food Ingredient on Gut Microbiota in an Ex Vivo Model of the Human Colon

et al. 2020

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Behavior and mood disorders have been linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis through the “microbiota-gut-brain axis”. Microbiota-targeting interventions are promising therapeutic modalities to restore or even maintain normal microbiome composition and activity in these disorders. Here, we test the impact of a commercial synbiotic formulation on gut microbiota composition and metabolic activity. We employed an ex-vivo continuous fermentation model that simulates the proximal colon to assess the effect of this formulation on microbiota structure and functionality as compared to no treatment control and microcrystalline cellulose as a dietary fiber control. The test formulation did not alter the diversity of gut microbiota over 48 h of treatment. However, it induced the enrichment of Lactobacillus, Collinsella and Erysipelotrichaceae. The test formulation significantly increased the level of microbiota-generated butyrate within 12 h of treatment as compared to 24 h required by microcrystalline cellulose to boost its production. The test formulation did not lead to a significant change in amino acid profiles. These results provide evidence of potential benefits related to synbiotic effects and general gut health and support the potential of this food formulation as a therapeutic dietary intervention in mood and behavior disorders.

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“…Low levels of SCFA, anti-inflammatory, and butyrate-producing bacteria may link the GM and the low-grade and chronic inflammation. [17] Human (n = 16)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies

et al. 2021

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The gut microbiota (GM) represents a diverse and dynamic population of microorganisms and about 100 trillion symbiotic microbial cells that dwell in the gastrointestinal tract. Studies suggest that the GM can influence the health of the host, and several factors can modify the GM composition, such as diet, drug intake, lifestyle, and geographical locations. Gut dysbiosis can affect brain immune homeostasis through the microbiota–gut–brain axis and can play a key role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The relationship between gut dysbiosis and AD is still elusive, but emerging evidence suggests that it can enhance the secretion of lipopolysaccharides and amyloids that may disturb intestinal permeability and the blood–brain barrier. In addition, it can promote the hallmarks of AD, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta formation, insulin resistance, and ultimately the causation of neural death. Poor dietary habits and aging, along with inflammatory responses due to dysbiosis, may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Thus, GM modulation through diet, probiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation could represent potential therapeutics in AD. In this review, we discuss the role of GM dysbiosis in AD and potential therapeutic strategies to modulate GM in AD.

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Reductions in anti-inflammatory gut bacteria are associated with depression in a sample of young adults

Cited by 157 publications

References 191 publications

Gut Microbiome Composition Associated With Major Depressive Disorder and Sleep Quality

Gut Microbiome Composition Associated With Major Depressive Disorder and Sleep Quality

Evaluation of the Prebiotic Potential of a Commercial Synbiotic Food Ingredient on Gut Microbiota in an Ex Vivo Model of the Human Colon

Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies

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