Reduction‐Sensitive Dextran Nanogels Aimed for Intracellular Delivery of Antigens

Abstract

Targeting of antigens to dendritic cells (DCs) to induce strong cellular immune response can be established by loading in a nano‐sized carrier and keeping the antigen associated with the particles until they are internalized by DCs. In the present study, a model antigen (ovalbumin, OVA) is immobilized in cationic dextran nanogels via disulfide bonds. These bonds are stable in the extracellular environment but are reduced in the cytosol of DCs due to the presence of glutathione. Reversible immobilization of OVA in the nanogels is demonstrated by the fact that hardly any release of the protein occurred at pH 7 in the absence of glutathione, whereas rapid release of OVA occurs once the nanogels are incubated in buffer with glutathione. Furthermore, these OVA conjugated nanogels show intracellular release of the antigen in DCs and boost the MHC class I antigen presentation, demonstrating the feasibility of this concept for the aimed intracellular antigen delivery.

Dual‐Functional Dextran‐PEG Hydrogel as an Antimicrobial Biomedical Material

“…Dextran is a complex, branched and hydrophilic polysaccharide composed of anhydroglucose rings. Due to its excellent biocompatibility and chemical functionality, dextrans have been extensively investigated as a safe biomaterial for the targeted and sustained delivery of drugs, proteins, enzymes, and imaging agents . Dextran hydrogel is one of the increasingly popular healthcare materials, specifically as a wound dressing, because of its prominent performance in stimulating the wound healing process .…”

Rationally Developed Organic Salts of Tolfenamic Acid and Its β‐Alanine Derivatives for Dual Purposes as an Anti‐Inflammatory Topical Gel and Anticancer Agent

“…[1][2][3][4][5] These types of viscoelastic materials are becoming more popular,m ainly because of their variousp otentiala pplications in electro-optics/photonics, [6,7] sensors, [8][9][10] cosmetics, [11] structuredirectinga gents, [12] conservation of art, [13] catalysis, [14] biomedical applications, [15][16][17][18][19][20] biomaterials, [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and so forth. [1][2][3][4][5] These types of viscoelastic materials are becoming more popular,m ainly because of their variousp otentiala pplications in electro-optics/photonics, [6,7] sensors, [8][9][10] cosmetics, [11] structuredirectinga gents, [12] conservation of art, [13] catalysis, [14] biomedical applications, [15][16][17][18][19]…”

Tunable Lipidoid‐Telodendrimer Hybrid Nanoparticles for Intracellular Protein Delivery in Brain Tumor Treatment

“…[8] Promising nanocarriers mainly include liposomes, [9] nanogels, [10] polymeric NPs, [8c,11] and inorganic nanomaterials. [12] Some of them have been investigated for intracellular protein delivery in treating breast cancer [9c] and lung cancer.…”