Reduction of Wheat DON and NIV Concentrations with Optical Sorters

Saito, Siu Mui Tsai; Ishibashi, Jun Ichiro; Miyamoto, Toru; Tateishi, Yohei; Ito, Tetsuo; Hara, Mizuho; Kawano, Motoharu; Nakajima, T.; Yoshida, Masaaki; Kawamura, Todomu; Iwasé, Keizô

doi:10.13031/2013.27374

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Bofutsushosan significantly lowered the level of TC and tended to lower the TG levels in both the TSOD and TSNO mouse groups. Saito et al 23) reported that Bofutsushosan inhibited pancreatic lipase in vitro (IC 50 : 20-30 mg/ml) and suppressed the elevation of plasma TG after oral administration of lipid emulsion. Morimoto et al 5) reported that Bofutsushosan inhibited TG synthesis in the liver.…”

Section: Tionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive Effects of Bofutsushosan on Obesity and Various Metabolic Disorders

Shimada

Kudo

Akase

et al. 2008

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Visceral fat accumulation induces insulin resistance, abnormal glucose metabolism, abnormal lipid metabolism and hypertension. Furthermore, even when these individual diseases are present in only a mild form, if more than one of these diseases is present, this may induce development of arteriosclerosis or ischemic cardiovascular diseases.1,2) For these reasons, it is important that some form of medical therapy including exercise and diet therapy be devised to prevent the development of obesity and various metabolic disorders.Bofutsushosan, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine comprising 18 crude drugs (Table 1), has been an effective treatment for obesity, constipation and hypertension. Bofutsushosan was shown to reduce body weight and improve impaired glucose tolerance in a clinical trial.3) In addition, several pharmacological studies have reported on its ability to counter obesity, [4][5][6][7][8] fatty liver, 9,10) and arteriosclerotic diseases. 11)In the present study, we investigated the preventive effects of Bofutsushosan on various disease states (diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetic peripheral neuropathy) that accompany metabolic disorders, focusing on visceral fat accumulation using a model animal, TSOD (Tsumura, Suzuki, Obese, Diabetes) mice, which are known to develop disease states similar to human metabolic disorders including glucose intolerance, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hyperinsulinemia and peripheral neuropathy. [12][13][14] MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental AnimalsWe used male TSOD mice aged 3 weeks. As a control animal, male TSNO (Tsumura, Suzuki, Non-Obesity) mice 12) aged 3 weeks were used as these animals do not develop obesity and various metabolic disorders. All mice were obtained from the Institute for Animal Reproduction (Ibaragi Prefecture). The animals were housed in an animal room under the following conditions: room temperature of 23Ϯ2°C, relative humidity of 55Ϯ10% and 12 h of light per day. In the 1-week acclimation period, the animals were given ad libitum powder feed MF (Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd.) and water. Following this period, the powder feed was switched to the study feed containing the test drug, and the animals were kept for further 8 weeks. We certify that all ap- Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical University; 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan. Received January 23, 2008; accepted May 7, 2008; published online May 8, 2008 Visceral fat accumulation has been reported as the most important risk factor for the development of various metabolic disorders. In this study, the preventive effects of Bofutsushosan, a Japanese Kampo preparation, on obesity and various metabolic disorders were investigated focusing on visceral fat accumulation using Tsumura, Suzuki, Obese, Diabetes (TSOD) mice, which showed significant accumulation of visceral fat, and developed metabolic disorders including glucose intolerance, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and hyperinsulinemia. At 2 months after initiation of the study, the c...

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Section: Tionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive Effects of Bofutsushosan on Obesity and Various Metabolic Disorders

Shimada

Kudo

Akase

et al. 2008

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…Petterson and Aberg (2002) used near-infrared transmittance for the determination of whole wheat kernel samples in the concentration ranges of 0.4-11.0 mg/kg, using a dilution series of artificially infected wheat. Saito et al (2009) successfully tested optical sorters with the RGB wavelength and NIR ranges for the removal of Fusarium-contaminated grains. De Girolamo and Lippolis (2009) successfully quantified the DON concentration in the range from 0 to 3 mg/kg using FT-NIR spectroscopy in ground durum and common wheat as well.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Near infrared spectroscopy for deoxynivalenol content estimation in intact wheat grain

Dvořāček¹,

Prohasková²,

Chrpová³

et al. 2012

Plant Soil Environ.

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Non-invasive determination of deoxynivalenol (DON) still presents a challenging problem. Therefore, the present study was aimed at a rapid determination of DON in whole wheat grain by means of FT-NIR spectroscopy, with a wide range of concentrations for potential applications in breeding programs and common systems of quality management using partial least square calibration (PLS) and discriminant analysis technique (DA). Using a set of artificially infected wheat samples with a known content of DON, four PLS models with different concentration range were created. The broadest model predicting DON in the concentration range of 0-90 mg/kg possessed the highest correlation coefficients of calibration and cross validation (0.94 and 0.88); but also possessed the highest prediction errors (SEP = 6.23 mg/kg). Thus the subsequent combination of DA as the wide range predictive model and the low-range PLS model was used. This technique gave more precise results in the samples with lower DON concentrations -below 30 mg/kg (SEP = 2.35 mg/kg), when compared to the most wide-range PLS model (SEP = 5.95 mg/kg). Such technique enables to estimate DON content in collections of artificially infected wheat plants in Fusarium resistance breeding experiments.

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“…Starting from the concepts proposed by Sellars et al 2,3) to predict the microstructure evolution during multipass hot rolling and using the similarities with plate rolling, 27) several groups [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][28][29][30][31][32] have developed microstructure evolution models for hot strip rolling. Some of these models are available as commercial software packages whereas others are used in-house.…”

Section: Hot Strip Mill Model Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer Simulation of Microstructure Evolution in Low Carbon Sheet Steels

Militzer

2007

ISIJ Int.

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Models of microstructure evolution in steels are reviewed. The emphasis of the review is on low carbon sheet steels both hot-rolled and cold-rolled and annealed. First the state-of-the-art on industrial microstructure process models is presented. The individual model concepts for grain growth, recrystallization, precipitation and phase transformations are briefly discussed. The development from empirically-based models to physically-based models is identified as a key issue to have increased predictive capabilities for these models over a wider range of steel grades and operational conditions. The challenges in the development of the next generation of models are delineated. In particular, new aspects of microstructure evolution associated with novel processing routes and advanced high strength steels are evaluated. Further, the majority of the currently employed models are on the macro-scale but future microstructure models will increasingly be meso-scale models that predict actual microstructures rather than a number of average parameters (e.g. grain size, fraction transformed) to describe microstructure evolution.KEY WORDS: mathematical model; microstructure; steel; hot rolling; annealing; grain growth; recrystallization; precipitation; phase transformation. © 2007 ISIJ Reviewvates the development of advanced microstructure models that provide an increased insight into the underlying physical metallurgy principles. Further, AHSS are frequently produced as cold-rolled annealed and/or coated sheets. Here, the intercritical annealing step assumes a crucial role to obtain the desired complex, multi-phase microstructures. Intercritical annealing constitutes a paradigm shift from annealing of conventional steels where no cycling through the transformation region occurs. The added complexity of the annealing routes for AHSS requires the development of novel annealing models that also address austenite formation which has received comparatively little attention in process models.Currently available microstructure models for the production of sheet and other steels are usually formulated on the macro-scale, i.e. the microstructure is described with a number of so-called internal state variables such as grain size, fraction recrystallized and fraction transformed. However, the advances in computer technology make it now feasible to routinely conduct modelling of the microstructure on the meso-scale if not on the atomistic level. In particular the meso-scale approach appears to open a new era of modelling the microstructure evolution in sheet steels. In this methodology actual microstructures can be predicted rather than mean values which have traditionally been used to characterize microstructures. The significance of these new modelling strategies is also fueled by the realization that material properties may markedly depend on morphology and spatial distributions of microstructure constituents. [22][23][24] In this paper, first the models proposed for hot strip rolling are reviewed. Special attention is given to the ...

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Reduction of Wheat DON and NIV Concentrations with Optical Sorters

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Preventive Effects of Bofutsushosan on Obesity and Various Metabolic Disorders

Preventive Effects of Bofutsushosan on Obesity and Various Metabolic Disorders

Near infrared spectroscopy for deoxynivalenol content estimation in intact wheat grain

Computer Simulation of Microstructure Evolution in Low Carbon Sheet Steels

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