Reduction of the muscle activity associated with self-imposed electrical stimulation of mixed nerves supplying lower limb muscles in man

Gerilovsky, L; Philipova, D.; Georgieva, S.

doi:10.1016/s1050-6411(01)00037-2

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Furthermore, catch trials in which subjects did not receive stimulation after pushing the button failed to elicit significant changes in background activity. This is in contrast to the study of Gerilovsky et al (2002), possibly because these authors used resting conditions, which allow subjects to focus more on the upcoming stimulation. Furthermore, perception of electrical pulses may differ between rest and gait (Duysens et al 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A first possibility is that voluntary stimulations yielded direct suppression of the motoneurones involved. In seated subjects, for example, Gerilovsky et al (2002) observed a reduction in EMG activity prior to electrical stimulation when the pulses were self-applied in contrast to computer-triggered. Similarly in principle, in the present experiments the subjects could have suppressed background activity, leading to an 'anticipatory locomotor adjustment' along the lines described by McFadyen & Winter (1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cutaneous reflexes evoked during human walking are reduced when self‐induced

Baken

Nieuwenhuijzen

Bastiaanse

et al. 2005

The Journal of Physiology

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Reflex responses are often less pronounced when they are self-induced, but this question has barely been investigated quantitatively. The issue is particularly relevant for locomotion since it has been shown that reflexes elicited during normal gait are important for the regulation of locomotion. The cortex is thought to be involved in the control of reflexes during gait, but it is unclear whether it plays a role in the modulation of these reflexes during the step cycle. During gait, weak electrical stimulation of the sural nerve elicits reflexes in various leg muscles. Are these reflexes different when subjects themselves trigger the stimuli instead of being randomly released by the computer? Cutaneous reflexes were elicited by sural nerve stimulation in 16 phases of the gait cycle in healthy subjects. The stimuli were triggered either by computer or by the subjects themselves. In 6 out of 7 subjects it was observed that the facilitatory responses in leg muscles were smaller and the suppressive responses were more suppressive following self-generated stimuli. In some muscles such as tibialis anterior (TA) both effects were seen (reduced facilitation at end stance and exaggerated suppression at end swing). In all subjects the modulation of anticipatory influences was muscle specific. In the main group of six subjects, the mean reduction in reflex responses was strongest in the TA (max. 30.7%; mean over 16 phases was 12.5%) and weakest in peroneus longus (PL, max. 10.1%; mean over 16 phases was 2.6%). The observation that facilitation is reduced and suppression enhanced in several muscles is taken as evidence that anticipation of self-induced reflex responses reduces the excitatory drive to motoneurones, for example through presynaptic inhibition of facilitatory reflex pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous reflexes evoked during human walking are reduced when self‐induced

Baken

Nieuwenhuijzen

Bastiaanse

et al. 2005

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Cutaneous reflex modulation and self-induced reflex attenuation in cerebellar patients

Hoogkamer

Calenbergh

Swinnen

et al. 2015

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Modulation of cutaneous reflexes is important in the neural control of walking, yet knowledge about underlying neural pathways is still incomplete. Recent studies have suggested that the cerebellum is involved. Here we evaluated the possible roles of the cerebellum in cutaneous reflex modulation and in attenuation of self-induced reflexes. First we checked whether leg muscle activity during walking was similar in patients with focal cerebellar lesions and in healthy control subjects. We then recorded cutaneous reflex activity in leg muscles during walking. Additionally, we compared reflexes after standard (computer triggered) stimuli with reflexes after self-induced stimuli for both groups. Biceps femoris and gastrocnemius medialis muscle activity was increased in the patient group compared with the control subjects, suggesting a coactivation strategy to reduce instability of gait. Cutaneous reflex modulation was similar between healthy control subjects and cerebellar patients, but the latter appeared less able to attenuate reflexes to self-induced stimuli. This suggests that the cerebellum is not primarily involved in cutaneous reflex modulation but that it could act in attenuation of self-induced reflex responses. The latter role in locomotion would be consistent with the common view that the cerebellum predicts sensory consequences of movement.

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Reduction of the muscle activity associated with self-imposed electrical stimulation of mixed nerves supplying lower limb muscles in man

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Cutaneous reflexes evoked during human walking are reduced when self‐induced

Cutaneous reflexes evoked during human walking are reduced when self‐induced

Cutaneous reflex modulation and self-induced reflex attenuation in cerebellar patients

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