Reduction of technological risks in subway and rail transport

Abstract

Mel'nick V., Karachun V., shybetskij V., fesenko s., shafarenko n. introductionIt is difficult to imagine a person's real life in big cities without the services of the «subway» and railway transport. Metropolitan can be called without exaggeration the most popular form of transport in Kyiv (Ukraine).For a day, the metropolitan subway carries up to 1.5 million passengers. For the majority of Kyivans, it remains the fastest and most reliable way to get to this or that point of the city. However, in terms of convenience and security, the Ukrainian subway slightly loses to its counterparts from more developed countries. The most loaded, at present, is Lisova station (Kyiv, Ukraine).In Kyiv, cases of people falling on rails are not rarebe it an attempt at suicide or an accident. When this happens, the movement of the train stops along the entire line, many are late for work, huge crowds accumulate at the stations, which then flow into the carriages. In the Tokyo Metro (Japan), along the platform are installed special fences, which prevent people from falling onto the rails.At the entrance to the platform apron and at the exit from it is necessary to be careful with the glass doors that open in both directions. A rush of air or due to the negligence of the person walking, it is possible to injure the limbs of the hands and head.The greatest danger for passengers on the platform is the train arriving at the station, which moves powerfully at high speed. When the train comes to the station, it drives so much air in front of you, the «wind» on the apron begins even before you see the fire of the train in the tunnel to your right.Thus, there is a significant technological risk of railway technology that is due to casual clutches of the passenger clothing surface on the edge of the platform with the side surface of the car body. A special danger occurs during peak hours, when the station is oversaturated by passengers and there is a danger of congestion at the edge of the platform (Fig. 1). This can lead to a forced collision of a person with the high-speed side of the car. Also, the next step is pulling the person under the wheels into the platform gap. This is due to the considerable adhesion of the moving surface of the person's clothing to the moving surface of the car body, as well as the fixed heels of the person's shoes with the platform surface.According to the official information of the Moscow subway, today, on all overloaded lines, the minimum possible interval is reached, which is 1.5 minutes. To make it even less impossible -this is dangerous, since it can lead to accidents.By 2017 in the Kyiv subway there were 18 cases of people falling on rails. Two people were killed. In 2017 half a billion passengers took advantage of the Kyiv subway. IndustrIal and technology systems: mechanIcs 13Technology audiT and producTion reserves -№ 2/1(40), 2018 ISSN 2226-3780As it is known, the infrastructure of the stations does not change. The old branches of the subway -the socalled «Typical column stations of the XX century»...