Reduction of Spinal Cord Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury with Simvastatin in Rats

Abstract

Simvastatin treatment can attenuate hindlimb motor dysfunction and histopathological changes in spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.

Epinephrine Administered With Lidocaine Solution Does Not Worsen Intrathecal Lidocaine Neurotoxicity in Rats

“…Spinal cord ischemia is characterized by degeneration of the gray matter, especially anterior horn cells. 15,16 However, these findings were not observed in our study. Therefore, epinephrine, even when used at 0.5 mg/mL, did not induce marked spinal cord ischemia in rats.…”

Intestinal Ischemic Preconditioning Modulates Oxidative Stress in Rat’s Spinal Cord Ischemic Reperfusion Injury

“…The neurological manifestations were associated with strong evidence of lipid peroxidation. Evidence of oxidative stress included the significant increase in serum TNF-α level and spinal cord homogenate levels of PGE 2 and MDA in addition to AOPP and SOD activity with a significant reduction in CAT activity. The neurological deficits and their strong association with the markers of oxidative stress and inflammation have been strongly documented in previous studies [15].…”

“…However, conventional strategies for preventing paraplegia due to spinal cord ischemia provide insufficient protection and cause additional side effects [2]. The pathophysiological mechanisms of neuronal damage during SC-IRI involve the production of free radicals, lipid peroxidation, intracellular calcium deposition, and apoptosis [3].…”

Modulation of morphine antinociceptive tolerance and physical dependence by co-administration of simvastatin

“…Moreover, these drugs have benefits other than lowering lipids, such as anti-inflammatory effect (Yin et al, 2007), antioxidant (Di Napoli et al, 2001), improvement of endothelial function (O'Driscoll et al, 1997) and regulation of neurotrophic levels (Wu et al, 2008). The neuroprotective effect of simvastatin in in vivo models of the brain (Balduini et al, 2003), peripheral nerve (Gholami et al, 2008), and spinal cord (Saito et al, 2011) injuries have also been reported. So, statins are being tested for their potential efficacy in treatment after brain injury (Chen et al, 2007).…”