Reduction of Serum
Prostate-Specific Antigen during
Endocrine or Cytotoxic Treatment
of Hormone-Resistant Cancer of
the Prostate

Fosså, Sophie D.; Paus, Elisabeth

doi:10.1159/000475338

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…showed that PSA changes are also able to predict the outcome of patients with prostate cancer after they had received radiotherapy [29]. Even after second-line hormonal or cytotoxic treatment of hormone-resistant prostate cancer there is a > 50% reduction in serum PSA levels in about one-third of patients [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic value of prostate‐specific antigen minimum after orchidectomy in patients with stage C and D prostatic carcinoma

Riedl

Huebner

Mossig

et al. 1995

British Journal of Urology

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Objective To determine the significance of the minima of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels after orchidectomy in patients with advanced carcinoma of the prostate (stage C and D disease), to thereby discriminate patients who have a statistically significant difference in prognosis and thus individualize their adjuvant treatment. Patients and methods A retrospective analysis of 50 patients (mean age 75.8 years) with extracapsular prostate cancer (58% stage C, 42% stage D disease) was performed. PSA measurement and clinical assessment were continued at 3‐monthly intervals until there was evidence of clinical progression. The minimum values of PSA were determined, the patients grouped at intervals of 1 ng/mL and the groups compared statistically on the basis of disease progression. Results Serum PSA levels decreased in all patients to a minimum after 3–6 months. There was a statistically significant difference in the probability of, and time to, disease progression for PSA minima at 1 ng/mL and 10 ng/mL. Of the 13 patients in group 1 (with PSA minima < 1 ng/mL), 11 stayed in remission during a mean follow‐up duration of 45.9 months. Of 25 patients in group 2 (with PSA minima between 1 and 10 ng/mL) 19 developed progression after a mean remission period of 16.7 months, while all 12 patients in group 3 (with PSA minima > 10 ng/mL) progressed after a mean remission period of 12.5 months. Conclusion Post‐orchidectomy PSA minima are an excellent prognostic factor with significant predictive value. While patients in group 1 tend to have a favourable prognosis after orchidectomy alone, group 2 and 3 patients need adjuvant treatment as early as possible. Group 3 patients, with their high probability of early progression, also form a uniform cohort for studies concerning new therapeutic modalities. If the PSA minimum was included in further examinations, the results of treatment should improve.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic value of prostate‐specific antigen minimum after orchidectomy in patients with stage C and D prostatic carcinoma

Riedl

Huebner

Mossig

et al. 1995

British Journal of Urology

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The differentiating agent phenylacetate increases prostate-specific antigen production by prostate cancer cells

et al. 1996

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The prostatic‐specific antigen (PSA) is the tumor marker most widely relied upon for the monitoring of patients with prostate cancer. Recently, declines in the serum concentrations of PSA have been advocated as a surrogate marker of tumor response in clinical trials of investigational antitumor agents. We examined the hypothesis that this postulate may not apply to the evaluation of drugs such as phenylacetate, a differentiating agent endowed with mechanisms of action different from those of classic cytotoxic chemotherapy. Using human prostatic carcinoma LNCaP cells as a model, we show that phenylacetate induces PSA production despite inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Incubation of LNCaP cultures with cytostatic doses of phenylacetate (3–10 mM) resulted in a three‐ to fourfoLd increase in PSA secretion per cell. This appears to result from upregulation of PSA gene expression, as indicated by elevated PSA mRNA steady‐state levels in treated cells. The increase in PSA production per cell was confirmed in rats bearing subcutaneous LNCaP tumor implants that were treated systemically with phenylacetate. Further comparative studies indicate that upregulation of PSA is common to various differentiation inducers, including all, trans‐retinoic acid, 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3, and butyrate but is not induced by other antitumor agents of clinical interest such as suramin. We conclude that declines in PSA may be treatment specific and that the exclusive use of this criterion as a marker of disease response may mislead the proper evaluation of differentiating agents in prostate cancer patients. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Therapy for hormone-resistant prostate cancer: no longer a myth

Petrylak¹,

Abi-Rashid²

1996

Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary Malignancies

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Reduction of Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen during Endocrine or Cytotoxic Treatment of Hormone-Resistant Cancer of the Prostate

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Prognostic value of prostate‐specific antigen minimum after orchidectomy in patients with stage C and D prostatic carcinoma

Prognostic value of prostate‐specific antigen minimum after orchidectomy in patients with stage C and D prostatic carcinoma

The differentiating agent phenylacetate increases prostate-specific antigen production by prostate cancer cells

Therapy for hormone-resistant prostate cancer: no longer a myth

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