Reduction of Reinfection Rates with Opisthorchis viverrini through a Three-Year Management Program in Endemic Areas of Northeastern Thailand

Prakobwong, Suksanti; Suwannatrai, Kulwadee

doi:10.3347/kjp.2020.58.5.527

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…There is some critical evidence that public health programmes are beneficial: without behavioural modifying public health processes, 86% of the infection could relapse [29]. Using general health education can reduce the re‐infection rate by 15.5% [30]. A package programme like the present study, especially a behaviour modification programme, could significantly reduce re‐infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Public health interventions for preventing re‐infection of Opisthorchis viverrini: application of the self‐efficacy theory and group process in high‐prevalent areas of Thailand

Songserm

Namwong²,

Woradet

et al. 2021

Tropical Med Int Health

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Objective To study the effectiveness of public health interventions in preventing Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) re‐infection in high‐prevalence areas of Thailand. Methods 68 people from Sisaket, the province with the second‐highest prevalence in Thailand, who tested positive for OV eggs in faeces and took praziquantel before the start of the study, participated. 34 participants were allocated to the experimental group, which received a 12‐week public health intervention based on the self‐efficacy theory and group process between July and October 2018. The control group received the usual services. Data were collected using a questionnaire with a reliability of 0.84. Faecal examinations using the formalin‐ether concentration technique were conducted before and after the experiment. The re‐infection rate was analysed after the experimental 12 weeks and after one year. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including paired t‐test and independent t‐test, were employed for data analysis. Results After the experiment, the mean scores of knowledge, perceived self‐efficacy, self‐efficacy expectation and OV prevention behaviour of the experimental group were significantly higher than before the experiment and also higher than scores of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The public health intervention is useful. It educated the experimental group about OV, perceived self‐efficacy and self‐efficacy expectation in changing behaviour to prevent OV re‐infection. As a result, no re‐infections were observed after the 12‐week intervention nor at the one‐year follow‐up. Public health benefits will be evident if the results are extended to other high‐prevalence areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Given that the intensity of infection (i.e. EPG) can help to explain the re-infection, most of the re-infected individuals showed less intensity of infection post-treatment [30][31][32]. Both re-infection/ repeated infection and intensity of infection are associated with the risk of developing CCA [6,7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health interventions for preventing re‐infection of Opisthorchis viverrini: application of the self‐efficacy theory and group process in high‐prevalent areas of Thailand

Songserm

Namwong²,

Woradet

et al. 2021

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…8 Big Data Institute, Nu eld Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, United Kingdom. 9 Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After decades of chemotherapeutic control and improvement of public health efforts to control the parasitic diseases in Thailand, the epidemiology of O. viverrini infection changed dramatically [7]. Currently, O. viverrini infections are light (egg/gm feces <50) and spread across extensive geographical regions, especially in North and Northeastern Thailand, where control programs have been implemented for decades [2,8,9]. Screening of individuals with opisthorchiasis for surveillance and control in endemic areas has traditionally relied on conventional parasitological methods i.e., Kato-thick smear [10], formalin ethyl-acetate concentration technique (FECT), Kato-Katz (KK) method, and simple smear method [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performances of Mini Parasep SF stool concentrator kit , Kato-Katz and formalin-ethyl acetate concentration methods for diagnosis of opisthorchiasis among residents in an endemic community in northeast Thailand

Kopolrat

Singthong

Khuntikeo

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Control and elimination of the liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini) is a primary preventive strategy against cholangiocarcinoma in Southeast Asia. A sensitive parasitological diagnostic method is required to facilitate such a surveillance and control program. In this study, we evaluated the performance of Mini Parasep SF stool concentrator kit (stool kit) in comparison with Kato-Katz (KK) and the quantitative formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique (FECT) for detection of O. viverrini and coexisted parasitic infections. Methods A cross-sectional survey of parasitic infection of residents age <15 years old in a community in Kalasin province, northeast Thailand was conducted in 2018. Fecal samples were collected and screened by KK method and a subset of samples was examined by the stool kit and FECT methods. The results were analyzed for prevalence of parasitic infections and diagnostic performances of methods for qualitative and quantitative detection of helminthiasis. Results The initial survey of parasitic infection determined by the KK method (n=567) showed the prevalence of O. viverrini was 32.63%, followed by Taenia 2.65%, echinostomes 1.76%, hookworms 1.41%, Trichuris trichiura 0.53%, and Strongyloides stercoralis 0.53%. Within a subset of samples tested with multiple diagnostics (n=150), the detection rates of O. viverrini by the stool kit, FECT, and KK methods were 27.3%, 30.7%, and 28.7%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity for opisthorchiasis were similar for FECT (75.4%) and KK (70.5%) and was lower for the stool kit (67.2%, p<0.05). For other parasitic infections, FECT and stool kit performed better than KK methods particularly in detecting minute intestinal fluke (MIF), S. stercoralis, and coinfections. The intensity of O. viverrini infection (fecal egg counts) by the stool kit had significant positive correlations with KK as well as FECT (p<0.05). Conclusions As the stool kit is simple to use and showed a comparable performance to FECT, it may serve as an alternative method of fecal examination for screening of helminthiasis including opisthorchiasis.

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“…After decades of chemotherapeutic control and improvement of public health efforts to control the parasitic diseases in Thailand, the epidemiology of O. viverrini infection has changed dramatically [ 7 ]. Currently, O. viverrini infections are maily light (eggs/gram feces < 50) and spread across extensive geographical regions, especially in North and Northeastern Thailand, where control programs have been implemented for decades [ 2 , 8 , 9 ]. Screening of individuals with opisthorchiasis for surveillance and control in endemic areas has traditionally relied on conventional parasitological methods, i.e., Kato-thick smear [ 10 ], formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique (FECT), Kato-Katz (KK) method and simple smear method [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Mini Parasep® SF stool concentrator kit, Kato-Katz, and formalin-ethyl acetate concentration methods for diagnosis of opisthorchiasis in Northeast Thailand

et al. 2022

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Background Control and elimination of the liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini) is a primary preventive strategy against cholangiocarcinoma in Southeast Asia. A sensitive parasitological diagnostic method is required to facilitate a surveillance and control program. In this study, we evaluated the performance of Mini Parasep® SF stool concentrator kit (stool kit) compared with Kato-Katz (KK) and the quantitative formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique (FECT) for detection of O. viverrini and co-endemic parasitic infections. Methods A cross-sectional survey for parasitic infection in residents aged > 15 years in a community in Kalasin province, Northeast Thailand, was conducted in 2018. Fecal samples were collected and screened by KK method, and a subset of samples was further examined by the stool kit and FECT methods. The results were analyzed for prevalence of parasitic infections in addition to the diagnostic performance of the methods for qualitative and quantitative detection of helminthiases. Results The initial survey of parasitic infection determined by the KK method (n = 567) showed the prevalence of O. viverrini was 32.63%, followed by Taenia 2.65%, echinostomes 1.76%, hookworms 1.41%, Trichuris trichiura 0.53% and Strongyloides stercoralis 0.53%. Within a subset of samples tested with multiple diagnostics (n = 150), the detection rates of O. viverrini by the stool kit, FECT and KK methods were 27.3%, 30.7% and 28.7%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity for opisthorchiasis was similar for FECT (75.5%), KK(66.0%) and the stool kit (67.3%). For other parasitic infections, FECT and stool kit methods performed better than KK, particularly in detecting minute intestinal flukes (MIF), S. stercoralis and coinfections. When measuring the intensity of O. viverrini infection (fecal egg counts), the stool kit results showed a significant positive correlation with KK and FECT (P < 0.05). Conclusions As the stool kit is simple to use and shows a comparable performance to FECT, it may serve as an alternative method of fecal examination for screening of helminthiasis including opisthorchiasis. Graphical abstract

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Reduction of Reinfection Rates with Opisthorchis viverrini through a Three-Year Management Program in Endemic Areas of Northeastern Thailand

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Public health interventions for preventing re‐infection of Opisthorchis viverrini: application of the self‐efficacy theory and group process in high‐prevalent areas of Thailand

Public health interventions for preventing re‐infection of Opisthorchis viverrini: application of the self‐efficacy theory and group process in high‐prevalent areas of Thailand

Performances of Mini Parasep SF stool concentrator kit , Kato-Katz and formalin-ethyl acetate concentration methods for diagnosis of opisthorchiasis among residents in an endemic community in northeast Thailand

Performance of Mini Parasep® SF stool concentrator kit, Kato-Katz, and formalin-ethyl acetate concentration methods for diagnosis of opisthorchiasis in Northeast Thailand

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