Reduction of phenolics in mycorrhizas of Larix decidua Mill.

Münzenberger, B.; Kottke, Ingrid; Oberwinkler, Franz

doi:10.1093/treephys/15.3.191

Cited by 42 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Reduced catechin contents were found in roots of Fagus sylvatica L. and Larix decidua Mill. after colonisation by ectomycorrhizal fungi [46][47][48]. The reduced catechin concentrations in common buckwheat roots and increased rutin concentrations in tartary buckwheat roots seen after fungal colonisation in the present study indicate specific changes in the metabolic pathways related to fungal infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

UV-B radiation affects flavonoids and fungal colonisation in Fagopyrum esculentum and F. tataricum

et al. 2012

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In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of increased UV-B radiation that simulates 17% ozone depletion, on fungal colonisation and concentrations of rutin, catechin and quercetin in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum). Induced root growth and reduced shoot:root ratios were seen in both of these buckwheat species after enhanced UV-B radiation. There was specific induction of shoot quercetin concentrations in UV-B-treated common buckwheat, whereas there were no specific responses for flavonoid metabolism in tartary buckwheat. Root colonisation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi significantly reduced catechin concentrations in common buckwheat roots, and induced rutin concentrations in tartary buckwheat, but did not affect shoot concentrations of the measured phenolics. Specific UV-B-related reductions in the density of microsclerotia were observed in tartary buckwheat, indicating a mechanism that potentially affects fungus-plant interactions. The data support the hypothesis that responses to enhanced UV-B radiation can be influenced by the plant pre-adaptation properties and related changes in flavonoid metabolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

UV-B radiation affects flavonoids and fungal colonisation in Fagopyrum esculentum and F. tataricum

et al. 2012

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“…In pine, a whole array of genes encoding enzymes of phenolic biosynthesis and polymerization, such as cinnamoyl-CoA reductase, cinnamoyl alcohol dehydrogenase, xyloglucan transendoglucanase, and peroxidase, were suppressed (Heller et al, 2008). Decreases in cell wall phenolics and peroxidase activities have previously been reported in mature conifer mycorrhizas (Mü nzenberger et al, 1995(Mü nzenberger et al, , 1997. In functional poplar EMs, the cells ensheathed by the Hartig net did not incorporate phenolic compounds, in contrast to the epidermal cells from which they were derived (Fig.…”

Section: Discussion Em Roots Display a Shift In The Phytohormone Balamentioning

confidence: 74%

Upgrading Root Physiology for Stress Tolerance by Ectomycorrhizas: Insights from Metabolite and Transcriptional Profiling into Reprogramming for Stress Anticipation

Luo

Janz²,

Jiang³

et al. 2009

Plant Physiology

188

145

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Ectomycorrhizas (EMs) alleviate stress tolerance of host plants, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. To elucidate the basis of EM-induced physiological changes and their involvement in stress adaptation, we investigated metabolic and transcriptional profiles in EM and non-EM roots of gray poplar (Populus 3 canescens) in the presence and absence of osmotic stress imposed by excess salinity. Colonization with the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus increased root cell volumes, a response associated with carbohydrate accumulation. The stress-related hormones abscisic acid and salicylic acid were increased, whereas jasmonic acid and auxin were decreased in EM compared with non-EM roots. Auxin-responsive reporter plants showed that auxin decreased in the vascular system. The phytohormone changes in EMs are in contrast to those in arbuscular mycorrhizas, suggesting that EMs and arbuscular mycorrhizas recruit different signaling pathways to influence plant stress responses. Transcriptome analyses on a whole genome poplar microarray revealed activation of genes related to abiotic and biotic stress responses as well as of genes involved in vesicle trafficking and suppression of auxin-related pathways. Comparative transcriptome analysis indicated EM-related genes whose transcript abundances were independent of salt stress and a set of salt stress-related genes that were common to EM non-salt-stressed and non-EM salt-stressed plants. Salt-exposed EM roots showed stronger accumulation of myoinositol, abscisic acid, and salicylic acid and higher K + -to-Na + ratio than stressed non-EM roots. In conclusion, EMs activated stress-related genes and signaling pathways, apparently leading to priming of pathways conferring abiotic stress tolerance.Under natural conditions, many economically important tree species including fast-growing poplars (Populus spp.) form ectomycorrhizas (EMs) between roots and EM fungi. Colonization with EM fungi leads to profound changes in root architecture and morphology. Usually, EM roots are strongly ramnified and EM root tips show a bulb-like appearance (Smith and Read, 2008). In EMs, plants and fungi interact mutualistically: while the plant receives mineral nutrients and water through the fungus, the fungus is supplied with carbohydrates by its host (Smith and Read, 2008). To fulfill these functions, specific anatomical structures are established, which involve the formation of a hyphal mantle ensheathing the root tip with hyphae emanating into soil for nutrient uptake. Inside the mantle, hyphae grow between, but not inside, the cortex cells within the cell wall, forming an interface called the Hartig net for bidirectional nutrient exchange.The establishment of EMs requires a coordinated developmental program in both partners of the symbiosis. Transcriptional changes during initial stages of host recognition and colonization have been the focus of several recent studies (Johansson et al., 2004;Duplessis et al., 2005;Le Queré et al., 2005;Morel et

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“…Higher mycorrhizal infection in pine roots in expt 2 at lower N availability did not increase total phenolics concentration in roots. Mu$ nzenberger, Kottke & Oberwinkler (1995) found that phenolic concentration was reduced in fine roots of larch before mycorrhizal infection. On the other hand, Kainulainen et al (1996) found no correlation between natural mycorrhizal infection and total phenolic concentration in pine roots.…”

Section: Effects Of Mycorrhizas On Host Plant Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of ectomycorrhizal and non‐mycorrhizal Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings to a generalist insect herbivore, Lygus rugulipennis, at two nitrogen availability levels

Manninen

Holopainen

Holopainen³

1998

New Phytologist

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We tested how nitrogen availability affects suitability of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) and non‐mycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris (L.) for a polyphagous insect herbivore. Seedlings grown on sterile agar at two N levels, were infected or not with the ECM fungus Cenococcum geophilum (Sow.) Ferd. & Winge. Ultrastructural observations showed that C. geophilum formed well‐developed ectomycorrhizas in pine roots. After mycorrhizal establishment, oviposition preference of the polyphagous tarnished plant bug (Lygus rugulipennis Popp.) was determined in three different experiments. The duration of these experiments and the amount of irradiance were different. Nitrogen level or mycorrhizal treatment did not have significant effects on oviposition preference. However, mycorrhizal seedlings were favoured as an oviposition site at the lower N level, but only in expt 1. Total or individual terpene, total resin acid and total or individual sugar concentrations in pine shoots were not altered by treatment. Total phenolics concentration in pine shoots and roots was also the same in different treatments. Of individual resin acids, the concentration of dehydroabietic acid was increased after mycorrhizal treatment. Total resin acid, abietic acid and sandaraco pimaric acid concentrations correlated negatively with the number of Lygus eggs, but the correlations were only marginally significant. Of individual terpenes, β‐pinene and bornylacetate concentrations had a significant positive correlation with the number of Lygus eggs. Greater amounts of N predictably increased total N concentration in pine seedlings in expts 1 and 2, but mycorrhizal infection increased total nitrogen concentration only in expt 3. Total N concentration did not correlate with the number of Lygus eggs in expts 1 and 2. An early stage of mycorrhizal development did not provide mycorrhizal benefits to the host plant as a higher nutrient concentration or as increased growth. These results suggest that host–plant quality might be involved in selection of oviposition site by L. rugulipennis, but ectomycorrhizal infection at this level does not seem to be an important mediator.

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Reduction of phenolics in mycorrhizas of Larix decidua Mill.

Cited by 42 publications

References 14 publications

UV-B radiation affects flavonoids and fungal colonisation in Fagopyrum esculentum and F. tataricum

UV-B radiation affects flavonoids and fungal colonisation in Fagopyrum esculentum and F. tataricum

Upgrading Root Physiology for Stress Tolerance by Ectomycorrhizas: Insights from Metabolite and Transcriptional Profiling into Reprogramming for Stress Anticipation

Susceptibility of ectomycorrhizal and non‐mycorrhizal Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings to a generalist insect herbivore, Lygus rugulipennis, at two nitrogen availability levels

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