Reduction of nitrogen oxides in flue gases

Radojević, Miroslav

doi:10.1016/s0269-7491(98)80099-7

Cited by 129 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Parallel reactions featuring imperfect reactions of ammonia NH 3 with nitrogen oxides NOx take place in the catalytic converter under high temperature conditions. The high dose of urea would therefore cause the release of free ammonia into the atmosphere and also the formation of dangerous compounds that might clog active surfaces of catalytic converter and reduce its operation (Javed et al, 2007;Radivojevic, 1998). For this reason, the AdBlue dose is intentionally reduced with increasing temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Basic Parameters for Selective Catalytic Reduction System Used in an Agricultural Tractor

Skřivánek¹,

Sedlák²,

Polcar³

et al. 2014

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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Presented paper describes monitoring of basic parameters for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system used in an agricultural tractor. SCR systems are used to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) produced by combustion of fuel. The usage of SCR catalytic converters entails certain disadvantages in the use of reducing agent and the necessity of suitable operating conditions to achieve optimum effi ciency of the catalytic converter. This paper aims to predict consumption of AdBlue depending on the temperature of SCR catalytic converter, which refl ects the engine load and monitoring the eff ectiveness of SCR catalytic converter when operating a tractor engine with a maximum dose of fuel. To fulfi ll those aims, the measurements have been performed on the Case Puma 185 CVX agricultural tractor. As the measurement results indicate, the lowest NO x emissions correspond to high consumption of AdBlue. Other studies imply that the catalytic converter operates at optimal operating temperature and with the highest effi ciency of NO x emission reduction. The eff ectiveness of NO x emission reduction is thus aff ected not only by quantity of injected reagent but also by catalytic converter thermal load. Further measurement results indicate that the lowest amount of emissions of NO x (and the highest effi ciency rate) is achieved by catalytic converter in a range in which the engine operates with the highest engine effi ciency.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Basic Parameters for Selective Catalytic Reduction System Used in an Agricultural Tractor

Skřivánek¹,

Sedlák²,

Polcar³

et al. 2014

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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“…SCR entails the reaction of NO x with NH 3 within a heterogeneous catalytic bed in the presence of O 2 at temperatures normally in the range of 250-400 C (Radojevic, 1998). The formation of N 2 O on precious-metal catalysts has been well documented in previous studies of NO x reduction technologies.…”

Section: Selective Catalytic Reduction (Scr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of nitrous oxide emission from cement plants: Real data measured with both Fourier transform infrared and nondispersive infrared techniques

Mosca

Benedetti

Guerriero

et al. 2014

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is the third most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide and methane, and contributes about 6% to the greenhouse effect. Nitrous oxide is a minor component of the atmosphere, and it is a thousand times less than carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Nevertheless, it is much more potent than CO 2 and methane, owing to its long stay in the atmosphere of approximately 120 yr and the high global warming potential (GWP) of 298 times that of Implications: N 2 O may arise as an unwanted by-product of nitrogen oxide (NO x ) abatement systems, in particular selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR). Since it is applied in the cement plants, N 2 O emission from cement industry is evaluated, with both FTIR and NDIR instrument. Several considerations emerged from the results. First of all, the emission from this industrial sector is not negligible, and for that reason N 2 O concentration should be regulated; another observation is that the reference method based on the NDIR technique is not as selective as FTIR could be.

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“…As it requires little capital cost and easy to retrofit, it is best suited to developing countries. Recently, SNCR has been adopted in different industries in South Korea, China, Taiwan and the Czech Republic (Redojevic, M. 1998). Although it is inexpensive, capabilities of SNCR are limited by narrow temperature window of NO x control, ammonia slip and low utilization of NO x reducing agent.…”

Section: Selective Non-catalytic Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Reduction of Noxious Emissions Using Urea Based on Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction in Small Scale Bio Fuel Combustion System

Jaafar

2011

MAS

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Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) was studied experimentally by injecting different concentrations of aqueous urea solution in a pilot-scale Bio-fuel fired tunnel furnace at 3-4 % excess oxygen level and with low ppm of baseline NO x ranging from 65 to 75 ppm within the investigated temperature range. The furnace simulated small-scale combustion systems where the operating temperatures are usually in the range of about 973 to 1323 K and NO x emission level remains below 100 ppm. NO x reductions were studied with the variation of different parameters such as injection temperature, residence time, Normalized Stoichiometric Ratio (NSR) of the reagent, carrier gas pressure, etc. A significant amount of NO x reduction was achieved which was not pronounced by the previous researchers with urea SNCR for this low ppm of NO x . With 5% plain urea solution, at an NSR of 4 as much as 54% reduction was achieved at 1128 K, whilst in the additive case the NO x reduction was improved to as much as 69% at 1093 K.

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Reduction of nitrogen oxides in flue gases

Cited by 129 publications

References 3 publications

Monitoring of Basic Parameters for Selective Catalytic Reduction System Used in an Agricultural Tractor

Monitoring of Basic Parameters for Selective Catalytic Reduction System Used in an Agricultural Tractor

Assessment of nitrous oxide emission from cement plants: Real data measured with both Fourier transform infrared and nondispersive infrared techniques

The Reduction of Noxious Emissions Using Urea Based on Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction in Small Scale Bio Fuel Combustion System

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