Reduction of Phytophthora cactorum in Strawberry Fields by Trichoderma spp. and Soil Solarization

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted in southwest Spain for three consecutive years from 2000 to 2003 to evaluate the effectiveness of solarization and Trichoderma spp., alone and combined, in reducing Phytophthora cactorum soil populations and consequently leather rot on fruit of strawberry plants. Plots (12.5 by 3.3 m), never treated with methyl bromide, were naturally infested by P. cactorum. Solarization was conducted during the summer, using clear 50-µm low-density polyethylene mulch. Trichoderma spp. were applied via drip and dip, adding to the soil 7 days before planting (108 conidia/m2), and strawberry roots were dipped in a suspension of Trichoderma spp. (106 conidia/ml) prior to planting. Solarization reduced the soil P. cactorum population 100% in year 1, 47% in year 2, and 55% in year 3 relative to the untreated control. Trichoderma spp. applications reduced soil populations of P. cactorum and reduced leather rot incidence 76.6% in year 1 and 33.8% in year 2 compared with the untreated control. The combination of solarization and Trichoderma spp. reduced P. cactorum soil population the most each year, 88.9% in January 2001, 97.6% in 2002, and 99.0% in 2003. The very promising effect of Trichoderma spp. and solarization against P. cactorum indicates that there may be future alternatives to traditional chemicals for disease control.

Endophytic Trichoderma Isolates from Tropical Environments Delay Disease Onset and Induce Resistance Against Phytophthora capsici in Hot Pepper Using Multiple Mechanisms

“…providing protection against disease caused by Phytophthora spp. has been demonstrated in many cropping systems, although with isolates of relatively few Trichoderma species (Ahmed et al 2000;Etebarian et al 2000;Ezziyyani et al 2005;Hoitink et al 2006;Khan et al 2004;Orlikowski 1995;Porras et al 2007;Smith et al 1990). Our disease assay included five Trichoderma species (Table 1) disease development (Table 4).…”

Lutte contre la maladie du bayoud par solarisation et fumigation du sol. Une expérimentation dans les palmeraies du Maroc

“…dans les différentes régions où nous avons testé la solarisation du sol (Marrakech, Errachidia et Zagora) peuvent aussi expliquer les différences de résultats. Nos résultats sont en concordance avec Porras et al (2007) qui ont montré que l'élimination de Phytophtora cactorum peut atteindre 100 % grâce à la solarisation du sol. Israel et al (2005) ont aussi rapporté la possibilité de combattre Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.…”

“…La solarisation du sol (couverture par un film plastique transparent et hermétique) est une technique efficace pour la baisse de la densité des agents pathogènes telluriques et la réduction des maladies (Porras et al, 2007 ;Funahashi et Parke, 2016). La solarisation du sol a en particulier été rapportée comme moyen de traitement de pré-plantation pour lutter contre de nombreuses fusarioses vasculaires, aussi bien chez des plantes annuelles, comme la tomate (Barakat et AlMasri, 2012) ou le melon (Tamietti et Valentino, 2006), que pérennes, comme le bananier (Ploetz, 2015) ou le palmier à huile (Flood, 2006).…”

Survey, Varietal Reaction and Chemical Control of Strawberry Charcoal Rot in Egypt

“…In 2016the cultivated area of strawberry was recorded as 9985 ha producing 4654958 tons (FAO, 2016). Strawberry production can be limited by several soilborne diseases (Porras et al, 2007).…”