Reduction of fungal disease spread in cultivar mixtures: Impact of canopy architecture on rain-splash dispersal and on crop microclimate

Vidal, Tiphaine; Boixel, Anne‐Lise; Durand, Brigitte; Vallavieille‐Pope, C. de; Huber, Laurent; Saint‐Jean, Sébastien

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.06.014

Cited by 51 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Current mitigation techniques of foliar diseases, such as the intensive use of chemicals or genetically modified organisms, can be complemented by polyculture [13,75,76] or integrated culture [77]. Our work has shown how both impact speed and distance from an edge shape the statistics of ejected droplets upon raindrop impact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Edge effect: Liquid sheet and droplets formed by drop impact close to an edge

2018

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Asymmetric liquid sheet fragmentation is ubiquitous in nature and potentially shapes critical phenomena such as rain-induced propagation of foliar diseases. In this experimental study, we investigate the formation and fragmentation of a liquid sheet upon impact of a drop close to the edge of a solid substrate. Both the impact Weber number and the offset, the distance from the impact point to the edge, are systematically varied. Their influence on the kinematics of the liquid sheet and the subsequent statistics of droplet ejection are rationalized. Three major asymmetry scenarios are identified and linked to distinct droplet ejection patterns. Scaling laws are proposed to rationalize these scenarios based on impact parameters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The risk of epidemics is a major factor to take into account in the optimization of crops [75]. Current mitigation techniques of foliar diseases, such as the intensive use of chemicals or genetically modified organisms, can be complemented by polyculture [13,75,76] or integrated culture [77].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edge effect: Liquid sheet and droplets formed by drop impact close to an edge

2018

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“…XW incidence also declined with increasing number of banana cultivars on farm. Crop or cultivar mixtures have been reported to impede disease and pest spread and damage (Poeydebat et al, 2016; Vidal et al, 2017; Li et al, 2018). High diversity of banana cultivars has been reported to suppress banana weevils, nematodes and black sigatoka in Uganda (Mulumba et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High diversity of banana cultivars has been reported to suppress banana weevils, nematodes and black sigatoka in Uganda (Mulumba et al, 2012). The effect of mixtures on diseases can be through a dilution effect/decrease in the susceptible host, change in microclimate, pathogen dispersal rate and vector population and behavior, host alteration, and pathogen inhibition (Boudreau, 2013; Vidal et al, 2017). This study for the first time suggests a possible role of cultivar mixtures in reducing or slowing XW spread on farm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks Posed by Intercrops and Weeds as Alternative Hosts to Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum in Banana Fields

et al. 2018

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Alternative host plants are important in the survival and perpetuation of several crop pathogens and have been suspected to play a role in the survival of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum (Xcm) and perpetuation of Xanthomonas wilt (XW) disease of banana and enset. This study determined the potential risk posed by two weeds (Canna spp. and wild sorghum) and common banana intercrops (maize, millet, sorghum, taro, and sugarcane) as alternative hosts to Xcm. The study employed screenhouse experiments, laboratory procedures and diagnosis of banana fields in XW-affected landscapes. Typical XW symptoms were only observed in artificially inoculated Canna sp., with an incidence of 96%. Leaf lesions characteristic of xanthomonads occurred on millet (50%) and sorghum (35%), though the plants recovered. No symptoms occurred in maize, sugarcane, taro or wild sorghum. However, Xcm was recovered from all these plant species, with higher recoveries in Canna sp. (47%), millet (27%), sugarcane (27%), and wild sorghum (25%). Only isolates recovered from Canna sp., millet, sorghum and wild sorghum caused disease in banana plantlets. The presence and incidence of XW on-farm was positively associated with the presence of susceptible ABB Musa genotypes and negatively with number of banana cultivars on farm and household access to training on XW management. Only 0.02% of field sampled Canna spp. plants had Xcm. Risk posed by Canna spp. on-farm could be limited to tool transmission as it has persistent floral bracts that prevent insect-mediated infections. Given the high susceptibility, perennial nature and propagation through rhizomes of Canna sp., it could pose a moderate-high risk, thus warranting some attention in the management of XW disease. Sugarcane could offer a low-moderate risk due to its perennial nature and propagation through rhizomes while risk from maize, millet, and sorghum was deemed zero-low due to their annual nature, wind-mediated mode of pollination and propagation through seed. Understanding the interactions of a crop pathogen with other plants is thus important when diversifying agroecosystems. The study findings also suggest other factors such as cultivar composition and management of the disease at farm and landscape level to be important in the perpetuation of XW disease.

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“…However, this situation may improve with the recent studies on Ethiopian durum wheat landraces (Kidane et al, 2017), Tunisian landraces (Aouini, 2018), and the publication of the fully assembled durum wheat genome (Maccaferri et al, 2019). Karisto, Fakhfakh, Cultivar mixtures for STB control Kouki, Mikaberidze, Yahyaoui Similarly, cultivar mixtures for controlling STB have been studied in bread wheat but not in durum wheat (Mundt et al, 1995;Mille & Jouan, 1997;Cowger & Mundt, 2002;Mille et al, 2006;Gigot et al, 2013;Vidal et al, 2017). In most cases, STB severity in cultivar mixtures is moderately reduced compared to the expectation based on the severity in the pure stands, although Cowger & Mundt (2002) did not observe a consistent pattern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved control of Septoria tritici blotch in durum wheat using cultivar mixtures

M’Barek

Karisto

Abdedayem

et al. 2019

Preprint

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AbstractMixtures of cultivars with contrasting levels of resistance can suppress infectious diseases in wheat, as demonstrated in numerous field experiments. Most studies focused on airborne pathogens in bread wheat, while splash-dispersed pathogens have received less attention, and no studies have been conducted in durum wheat. We conducted a two-year field experiment in Tunisia, to evaluate the performance of cultivar mixtures with varying proportions of resistance (0–100%) in controlling the polycyclic, splash-dispersed disease Septoria tritici blotch (STB) in durum wheat. To measure STB severity, we used a high-throughput method based on digital image analysis of 3074 infected leaves collected from 42 and 40 experimental plots during the first and second years, respectively. This allowed us to quantify pathogen reproduction on wheat leaves and to acquire a large dataset that exceeds previous studies with respect to accuracy and precision. Our analyses show that introducing only 25% of a disease-resistant cultivar into a pure stand of a susceptible cultivar provides a substantial reduction of almost 50% in disease severity compared to the susceptible pure stand. However, comprising the resistant component of two cultivars instead of one did not further improve disease control, contrary to predictions of epidemiological theory. Susceptible cultivars can be agronomically superior to resistant cultivars or be better accepted by growers for other reasons. Hence, if mixtures with only a moderate proportion of the resistant cultivar provide a similar degree of disease control as resistant pure stands, as our analysis indicates, such mixtures are more likely to be accepted by growers.

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Reduction of fungal disease spread in cultivar mixtures: Impact of canopy architecture on rain-splash dispersal and on crop microclimate

Cited by 51 publications

References 43 publications

Edge effect: Liquid sheet and droplets formed by drop impact close to an edge

Edge effect: Liquid sheet and droplets formed by drop impact close to an edge

Risks Posed by Intercrops and Weeds as Alternative Hosts to Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum in Banana Fields

Improved control of Septoria tritici blotch in durum wheat using cultivar mixtures

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