Reduction of Foveal Avascular Zone After Vitrectomy Demonstrated by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Petrou, Petros; Angelidis, Constantine D; Andreanos, Konstantinos; Kanakis, Menelaos; Kandarakis, Stylianos; Karamaounas, Aristotelis; Papakonstantinou, Evangelia; Mamas, Nikolaos; Droutsas, Konstantinos; Georgalas, Ilias

doi:10.7759/cureus.13757

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Previous studies have reported that regulation of retinal oxygenation affects the retinal capillary extent and function [ 34 ]. In particular, Petrou et al [ 35 ] reported that the FAZ area reduced in vitrectomy patients due to increased oxygen transport in the ischemic retina. Furthermore, ischemic retina increases VEGF expression, which promotes retinal endothelial cell proliferation [ 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of Foveal Avascular Zone in Patients with General Blunt Ocular Trauma Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Wang

Kim

Kwon

et al. 2023

Korean J Ophthalmol

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Purpose: To investigate the effect of blunt ocular trauma (BOT) on foveal circulation, and in particular the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods: This retrospective study consisted of 96 eyes (48 traumatized eyes and 48 nontraumatized eyes) from 48 subjects with BOT. We analyzed the FAZ area of deep capillary plexus (DCP) and superficial capillary plexus (SCP) immediately after BOT and at 2 weeks after BOT. We also evaluated the FAZ area of DCP and SCP in patients with and without blowout fracture (BOF).Results: There were no significant differences in FAZ area between traumatized and nontraumatized eyes at DCP and SCP in the initial test. In traumatized eyes, the FAZ area at SCP was significantly reduced on follow-up when compared to initial test (<i>p</i> = 0.01). In case of eyes with BOF, there was no significant differences in FAZ area between traumatized and nontraumatized eyes at DCP and SCP on initial test. No significant difference of FAZ area was found on follow-up relative to the initial test, whether in the DCP or SCP. In case of eyes without BOF, there was no significant differences of FAZ area between traumatized and nontraumatized eyes at DCP and SCP in initial test. Also, no significant difference of FAZ area at DCP was found on follow-up test compared to initial test. However, the FAZ area at SCP was significantly reduced in follow-up test compared with that in the initial test (<i>p</i> = 0.04).Conclusions: Temporary microvascular ischemia occurs in the SCP of patients after BOT. Patients should be warned of transient ischemic changes that may occur after trauma. OCTA can provide useful information regarding the subacute changes in the FAZ at SCP after BOT, even without evident findings of structural damage on fundus examination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of Foveal Avascular Zone in Patients with General Blunt Ocular Trauma Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Wang

Kim

Kwon

et al. 2023

Korean J Ophthalmol

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“…Contrary to these findings, a decrease of FAZ size has been demonstrated after PPV for variable clinical etiology (including RRD cases). The reduction of FAZ has been mentioned even in cases where PPV did not directly influence macular status, such as in cases of macula-on RRD [65]. A speculation explaining this outcome supports the role of PPV in retinal oxygenation and microcirculation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In fact, the replacement of vitreous by a less viscous medium facilitates the retinal oxygen transport to ischemic areas leading to increase of vascular endothelial growth factor and alterations of retinal capillary function via regulation of postoperative oxygenation. Notably, the changes in the physiology of the vitrectomized eye may provide explanations for the foveal capillary alterations even in cases where macular status appears normal pre-operatively [65,66]. Another causal factor of FAZ reduction may be the removal of ILM; the intrinsic forces of ILM stretch the retina centrifugally, while its removal may release such forces leading to centripetal movement.…”

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confidence: 99%

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2021

Archives of Clinical Ophthalmology

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Reduction of Foveal Avascular Zone After Vitrectomy Demonstrated by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Analyses of Foveal Avascular Zone in Patients with General Blunt Ocular Trauma Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Analyses of Foveal Avascular Zone in Patients with General Blunt Ocular Trauma Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

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