Reduction of FeO in EAF Steelmaking Slag by Blends of Metallurgical Coke and Waste Polypropylene

Dankwah, James Ransford; Koshy, Pramod

doi:10.1515/htmp-2013-0035

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The reduction of FeO-containing EAF slag with PP/coke blends was investigated by Dankwah and Koshy [64]. The extent of reduction was significantly improved by additions of PP to the coke.…”

Section: Rubber and Plastics Based Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Use of Alternative Carbon Sources in EAF Steelmaking

Echterhof

2021

Metals

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Steelmaking in the electric arc furnace (EAF), either scrap-based or based on hydrogen direct reduced iron, will in future contribute substantially to the reduction of CO2 emissions in the iron and steel industry. However, there still will be the need to introduce carbon into the EAF process either to carburize the steel or to create foaming slag to improve the energy efficiency of the melting process. So, to reach the emission reduction goals set around the world, it will be necessary to substitute fossil charge and injection carbon used in EAF steelmaking with alternative carbon sources. This review presents the recent research on carbon-neutral biomass-based and circular rubber or plastics-based carbon sources and their potential to substitute fossil charge or injection carbon in the EAF process. It also discusses the current state-of-the art and suggests further opportunities and needs for research and development to use alternative carbon sources to produce a really green and carbon neutral and/or fully circular steel.

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“…The reduction of FeO-containing EAF slag with PP/coke blends was investigated by Dankwah and Koshy [64]. The extent of reduction was significantly improved by additions of PP to the coke.…”

Section: Rubber and Plastics Based Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Use of Alternative Carbon Sources in EAF Steelmaking

Echterhof

2021

Metals

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“…Work done by Dankwah et al, (2016a) has shown that controlled charring can result in the production of charred carbonaceous matter that can serve as potential reductants for iron oxide reduction. Some research investigations have been conducted on utilisation of postconsumer plastics as reductants or as a source of energy in the metallurgical field (Matsuda et al, 2006;Nishioka et al, 2007;Matsuda et al, 2008;Ueki et al, 2008;Dankwah et al, 2011;Kongkarat et al, 2011;Murakami et al, 2009;Murakami and Kasai, 2011;Dankwah et al, 2012;Dankwah et al, 2013;Dankwah and Koshy, 2014;Dankwah et al, 2015a;Dankwah et al, 2015b). A review of these investigations shows that thermoplastic polymers and or their blends with metallurgical coke, graphite, or biomass are the dominant reductants often used for the production of metallic iron from reagent grade iron oxides or electric arc furnace (EAF) slags containing iron oxide (Dankwah et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Iron Nuggets from the Akpafu-Todzi Iron Ore and Artisanal Ferrous Slag using Post Consumer Thermosets (Waste Electrical Sockets) as Reductants

Baah¹,

Dankwah²,

Dankwah³

et al. 2019

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Post-consumer thermosets are difficult to recycle because, unlike thermoplastics, they cannot be remoulded to create other items as a result of the extensive cross-linkages in their structure. The increased production of thermoset blends and composites in recent years has greatly increased the amount of waste materials. However, higher levels of carbon and hydrogen present in thermosets make them a potential reductant in the iron extractive industries. In this research work, postconsumer thermoset was transformed into carbon resource through a charring process. The resulting carbonaceous material from the thermoset was used as reductant in the production of metallic iron from the Akpafu-Todzi iron ore and artisanal slag using the microwave technology through the composite pellet approach at varying firing times. Analyses by XRF, XRD and SEM/EDS showed that the Akpafu Todzi iron ore is comprised of the iron oxides hematite (Fe2O3) and wustite (Fe0.942O), while the artisanal slag was predominantly fayalite (Fe2SiO4). Complete reduction of the ore was attained after 120 min reduction but the maximum extent of reduction was 78.84% for the slag, demonstrating the potential of postconsumer thermosets to function effectively as a reductant in the iron extractive industry. Keywords: Reduction; Akpafu-Todzi Iron Ore; Post Consumer Thermosets; Waste Electrical Sockets

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“…For countries like Ghana where commercial quantities of iron ores are available, but without the relevant source of carbonaceous materials, waste polymers offer a readily available alternative to high grade metallurgical coke as reductant for iron making. In the metallurgical field, the use of postconsumer plastics as reductants or as a source of energy is currently gaining the attention of various researchers (Matsuda et al, 2006;Nishioka et al, 2007;Matsuda et al, 2008;Ueki et al, 2008;Dankwah et al, 2011;Kongkarat et al, 2011;Murakami et al, 2009;Murakami and Kasai, 2011;Dankwah et al, 2012;Dankwah et al, 2013;Dankwah and Koshy, 2014;Dankwah et al, 2015a;Dankwah et al, 2015b). However, most of the existing research in this area involves the use of thermoplastic polymers and or their blends with metallurgical coke, graphite, or biomass as reductants for the production of metallic iron from reagent grade iron oxides or electric arc furnace (EAF) slags containing iron oxide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling Waste Electrical Socket as a Carbon Resource in Ironmaking

Dankwah

Gordon

Koshy

2016

Ghana Mining Journal

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Globally, millions of waste electrical sockets (WES) are generated annually. This category of waste material is difficult to recycle because they are thermosetting polymers which cannot be remoulded after setting. In this work, the reduction of medium grade Agbaja iron ore from Nigeria, by carbonaceous materials generated from WES was investigated through experiments conducted in a domestic microwave oven. Composite pellets of medium grade Agbaja iron ore (assaying ~74 % Fe 2 O 3 ) with WES were irradiated in a domestic microwave oven (Pioneer, Model PM-25 L, 2450 MHz and 1000 W). The reduced mass was characterised by XRD and SEM/EDS analyses and the extent of reduction after 40 min was determined. SEM/EDS analysis revealed a highly reduced mass with distinct peaks of elemental iron and this was corroborated by XRD analyses that confirmed the formation of metallic iron. The extent of reduction obtained after using WES as reductant was over 80%. Accordingly, carbonaceous materials generated from waste electrical sockets are effective reductants for producing metallic iron from the Agbaja iron ore.

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Reduction of FeO in EAF Steelmaking Slag by Blends of Metallurgical Coke and Waste Polypropylene

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Review on the Use of Alternative Carbon Sources in EAF Steelmaking

Review on the Use of Alternative Carbon Sources in EAF Steelmaking

Production of Iron Nuggets from the Akpafu-Todzi Iron Ore and Artisanal Ferrous Slag using Post Consumer Thermosets (Waste Electrical Sockets) as Reductants

Recycling Waste Electrical Socket as a Carbon Resource in Ironmaking

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