Reduction of energetic particle loss by ferritic steel inserts in ITER

Tobita, K.; Nakayama, Takuya; Коновалов, С. В.; Satō, Masayasu

doi:10.1088/0741-3335/45/2/305

Cited by 41 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…It is not yet theoretically understood how superimposing the periodic ripple and a local perturbation affects the fast ion confinement, and concerns have been voiced that the combined effect might introduce new, unexpected channelling mechanisms for fast ions. Preliminary studies on alpha particle confinement have been carried out by using a variety of 5D Monte Carlo guiding-center codes (3D in the real space, and v para and v perp in velocity space for the guiding center): OFMC[4, [7], HYBRID [5, [6, [7], ASCOT [8, [3], DELTA5D [9], and an upgraded version of OFMC, F3D OFMC code [12, [13, [14]. In fact, the results of Ref [7] by OFMC and HYBRID codes revealed the importance of the reduction of TF ripple in ITER, and the installation of FI was proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preliminary studies on alpha particle confinement have been carried out by using a variety of 5D Monte Carlo guiding-center codes (3D in the real space, and v para and v perp in velocity space for the guiding center): OFMC[4, [7], HYBRID [5, [6, [7], ASCOT [8, [3], DELTA5D [9], and an upgraded version of OFMC, F3D OFMC code [12, [13, [14]. In fact, the results of Ref [7] by OFMC and HYBRID codes revealed the importance of the reduction of TF ripple in ITER, and the installation of FI was proposed. Also the full orbit-following code, SPIRAL [10], has been used for confinement studies, while preliminary results for the power loads on ITER wall structures were obtained using ASCOT [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of complex symmetry-breakings on alpha particle power loads on first wall structures and equilibrium in ITER

Shinohara¹,

Kurki-Suonio²,

Spong³

et al. 2011

Nucl. Fusion

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Abstract. Within the ITPA Topical Group on Energetic Particles, we have investigated the impact that various mechanisms breaking the tokamak axisymmetry can have on the fusion alpha particle confinement in ITER as well as on the wall power loads due to these alphas. In addition to the well known TF ripple, the 3D effect due to ferromagnetic materials (in ferritic inserts, FI, and test blanket modules, TBM) and ELM mitigation coils are included in these mechanisms. ITER Scenario-4 was chosen since, due to its lower plasma current, it is more vulnerable for various off-normal features. First, the validity of using a 2D equilibrium was investigated: a 3D equilibrium was reconstructed using the VMEC code, and it was verified that no 3D equilibrium reconstruction is needed but it is sufficient to add the vacuum field perturbations onto an axisymmetric equilibrium. Then the alpha particle confinement was studied using three independent codes, ASCOT, DELTA5D, and F3D OFMC, all of which assume MHD quiescent background plasma and no anomalous diffusion. All the codes gave a loss power fraction of about 0.2% . The distribution of the peak power load was found to depend on the first wall shape. We also made the first attempt to accommodate the effect of fast ion related MHD on the wall loads in ITER using the HMGC and ASCOT codes. The power flux to the wall was found to increase due to the redistribution of fast ion by the MHD activity. Furthermore, the effect of the ELM mitigation field on the fast ion confinement was addressed by simulating NBI ions with the F3D OFMC code. The loss power fraction of NBI ions was found to increase from 0.3 % without the ELM mitigation field to 4-5% with the ELM mitigation field.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of complex symmetry-breakings on alpha particle power loads on first wall structures and equilibrium in ITER

Shinohara¹,

Kurki-Suonio²,

Spong³

et al. 2011

Nucl. Fusion

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“…Radial profiles of the safety factor and current density used in the present simulations are taken from Ref. [13] and shown in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Analyses Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distortion of Fast <i>α</i>-Particle Two-Dimensional Velocity Distribution Function due to the Transition of Particle Orbit by Nuclear Elastic Scattering in Magnetic Field Confinement

Sawada

Matsuura

Sugiyama

2016

Plasma and Fusion Research

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The effect of nuclear elastic scattering (NES) on energetic alpha-particles two-dimensional (2D) velocity distribution function in a magnetic fusion device is examined by particle orbit simulation. Energetic alphaparticles exhibit an anisotropic 2D velocity distribution function, because the alpha particle loss reduces the amount of particles moving in a particular direction, and an alpha particle orbit depends on the initial direction of particle. When NES changes the direction of fast alpha particle motion, its orbit can be changed. It is shown that NES causes particle orbit transitions and changes the energetic alpha particles 2D velocity distribution function. We discuss the manner in which the distribution function is changed and how it affects the confinement of fast alpha particles.

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“…Scattering in the center-of-mass system Fig. 1 Radial profiles of safety factor and current density assumed in the present calculations [11].…”

Section: Equations and Figuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radial profiles of the safety factor and current density assumed in the present simulations are referred from the Ref. [11] and shown in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Equations and Figuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nuclear Plus Interference Scattering on Fast <i>α</i>-Particle Orbit and Confinement in Magnetic Field Configuration

Sawada

Matsuura

Nakao

2013

Plasma and Fusion Research

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Assuming a deuterium-tritium (DT) burning plasma, effect of the nuclear plus interference (NI) scattering is newly incorporated into the alpha-particle orbit simulation. The effect of the NI scattering on the energetic alpha-particles orbit and confinement in a magnetic fusion device is examined. It is shown that due to transition of the alpha-particle orbit by NI scattering, the fraction of the alpha-particles lost from the plasma during their slowing-down process to the initial generation decreases to a certain extent.

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Reduction of energetic particle loss by ferritic steel inserts in ITER

Cited by 41 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of complex symmetry-breakings on alpha particle power loads on first wall structures and equilibrium in ITER

Effects of complex symmetry-breakings on alpha particle power loads on first wall structures and equilibrium in ITER

Distortion of Fast <i>α</i>-Particle Two-Dimensional Velocity Distribution Function due to the Transition of Particle Orbit by Nuclear Elastic Scattering in Magnetic Field Confinement

Effect of Nuclear Plus Interference Scattering on Fast <i>α</i>-Particle Orbit and Confinement in Magnetic Field Configuration

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