Reduction of drag in heavy vehicles with two different types of advanced side skirts

Hwang, Bae Geun; Lee, Sang-Seung; Lee, Eui Jae; Kim, Jeong Jae; Kim, Myeongkyun; You, Donghyun; Lee, Sang Joon

doi:10.1016/j.jweia.2016.04.009

Cited by 39 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The aerodynamic drag acts in the opposite direction of the driving direction of the vehicle and can considerably influence the maximum speed, fuel economy, and energy efficiency of the vehicle. Therefore, various devices for aerodynamic drag reduction, such as front grill shutters [1,2], wheel deflectors [3], and underbody fairings [4][5][6] have been widely applied. The downforce acts in the direction opposite to that of the lift and tends to push the vehicle toward the ground.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study of Active Aerodynamic Control via Flow Discharge on a High-Camber Rear Spoiler of a Road Vehicle

Lee

Kim

2019

Applied Sciences

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In this study, a numerical investigation of the active aerodynamic control via flow discharge was performed on a two-dimensional simplified vehicle with a spoiler. The analysis was performed using computational fluid dynamics techniques based on the unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations. Unlike the conventional aerodynamic control methods, in which the control flow is forcibly injected to increase the lift or reduce the drag, the flow discharge method uses the ram air flow to reduce both the downforce and aerodynamic drag of a road vehicle. The technique of aerodynamic control via the flow discharge is applied to a simplified vehicle with a rear spoiler. For the isolated spoiler, at a discharge speed of 40% of the vehicle driving speed, the flow discharge at 75% of the chord exhibited a reduction of 4.5% and 1.8% in the aerodynamic drag and downforce reduction, respectively. For the vehicle with a spoiler, the drag and downforce were respectively reduced, on average, by 3.4% and 19.3% for a vehicle velocity range of 100–300 km/h; in this case, the discharge speed was 40% of the vehicle driving speed, and the discharge position was 75% of the chord owing to the interaction between the spoiler separation flow and vehicle wake.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study of Active Aerodynamic Control via Flow Discharge on a High-Camber Rear Spoiler of a Road Vehicle

Lee

Kim

2019

Applied Sciences

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“…For a tractor-trailer driving on a highway, the front part of the vehicle causes approximately 45% of the total drag force; the other contributing factors include the rear wake of the trailer (25%) and the underbody flow (30%) [10]. Corresponding research was carried out at different positions, and various kinds of drag-reducing devices have been introduced to effectively decrease the aerodynamic drag of tractor-trailers, including their cab roofs or gap fairings [11][12][13][14], their side skirts [15], their base flaps [16], and their boat tails [17,18]. Some studies focused on their aerodynamic characteristics, using a combination of various devices and interactions with the actual complex shape of tractor-trailers [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Aerodynamic Characteristics of Tractor-Trailers with a Parametric Cab Design

et al. 2018

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As tractor-trailer ownership has increased year-by-year, corresponding energy consumption and environmental issues have gradually become a heated issue. Approximately 45 percent of the total aerodynamic drag of tractor-trailers is attributed to the flow at the front surface of the cab, and the gap between the cab and trailer. Therefore, this study has taken a new approach to designing the shape of the cab inspired by the external forebody of the cheetah. A parametric design protruding cab was devised in this study; the length of the protruding part and the angle between this protruding part and the A pillar were two design variables. Computational fluid dynamics simulation was conducted to investigate the drag reduction effects of these new cab styling designs, and the proposed cab reduced the drag by a maximum of 8.49%. The flow characteristics around the whole body of the tractor-trailer baseline model and the parametric cab design vehicle model were analyzed using the velocity streamline graph to illuminate the change of the flow field and the drag-reduction mechanism of the proposed design. A vortex formed above the protruding part of the cab and it acted as a 'vortex cushion' to accelerate the speed of the air flow; accordingly, the positive and negative pressure distribution on the front surface of the cab and trailer also changed. The new parametric design has provided the possibility to adjust the forebody of the cab to an aerodynamically optimized shape, and these findings have offered useful information for the development of a new design method of the tractor-trailer to reduce aerodynamic drag and improve fuel economy.

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“…The maximum velocity is 40 m/s approximately and the contraction ratio is 9:1. Air velocity U is measured with the pitot-static tube, which is attached to the ceiling of the wind tunnel test section (Hwang et al (2016)). The aerodynamic forces acting on the scaled models are measured with external balance for various speeds.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Aerodynamic Drag Force for Reducing Fuel Consumption in Road Vehicle using Basebleed

Sivaraj¹,

Parammasivam²,

Suganya³

2018

JAFM

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This paper presents the study of the overall aerodynamic performance of road vehicles and suggests a method to reduce the drag force and also to find the optimum location for placing basebleed in a car using aerodynamic principle. The overall aerodynamic drag force is reduced by eliminating wake region at the rear side of the car and reducing pressure in the front region of the car by delaying the flow separation. This improves the overall aerodynamic performance of the car thereby reducing fuel consumption, as well as improving stability and comfort by the attachment of basebleed. The wind tunnel tests are conducted for a subscale model of car with the basebleed at various locations along the front and rear side of the car in both X and Y directions. The coefficient of drag (CD), the coefficient of lift (CL) and coefficient of side force (CS) for the car is measured to interpret the effect of flow conditions on the car model. The experimental result reveals that the attachment of base bleed at an optimum position in the front and rear side of the car improves its performance and decreases drag coefficient by 6.188 %.

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Reduction of drag in heavy vehicles with two different types of advanced side skirts

Cited by 39 publications

References 11 publications

Numerical Study of Active Aerodynamic Control via Flow Discharge on a High-Camber Rear Spoiler of a Road Vehicle

Numerical Study of Active Aerodynamic Control via Flow Discharge on a High-Camber Rear Spoiler of a Road Vehicle

Research on the Aerodynamic Characteristics of Tractor-Trailers with a Parametric Cab Design

Reduction of Aerodynamic Drag Force for Reducing Fuel Consumption in Road Vehicle using Basebleed

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