Reduction of chromium(VI) by bacterially produced hydrogen sulphide in a marine environment

Smillie, RH; Hunter, Keith A.; Loutit, Margaret W.

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(81)90007-5

Cited by 83 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…No difference was observed whether the Cr was added as chromate or as dichromate; in fact the chemical equilibrium between chromate and dichromate depends only on pH. Cr (VI) has been reported to b e toxic to Salmonella typhimurium whereas Cr (111) is not (Petrilli and Deflora, 1977); when H2S is present, Cr (VI) is reduced to Cr (111) and then precipitated (Smillie et al, 1981). Here, however, either the Cr (VI) was not reduced or the Cr (111) itself had a marked effect on the nitrogen-cycling bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of metals on nitrogen fixation and denitrification in slurries of anoxic salt-marsh sediment

Slater¹,

Capone²

1984

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The effect of metals on nitrogen fixation, as measured by acetylene reduction, and on denitrification, as determined by nitrous oxide accumulation in the presence of acetylene (acetylene blockage), was examined in short-term experiments with saltmarsh sediments. At concentrations of 1000 ppm (weight metal : weight dry sediment), HgCI,, PbCl,, CdC12, ZnSO,, CuCl,, K,Cr207, K,CrO,, and Na,MoO, decreased acetylene reduction throughout the experiments by more than 30 %. FeC13 decreased it to a lesser extent, while NiC12 greatly stimulated nitrogenase activity. Initial rate of nitrous oxide production was inhibited by HgCl,, PbCl,.. NiCI,, K2Cr207, K,CrO,. ZnSO,, CuC1,. FeCl,, and CdCI,, but maximum production was stimulated substantially by PbCl,, K2Cr20,, and K,CrO,, and somewhat by Na2Mo0,, ZnSO,, and CuCl,. In contrast, NiCl, depressed both initial and maximum nitrous oxide production. Lower levels of Ni and Hg (10 and 100 ppm) caused effects that were intermediate between 1000 ppm and controls. We conclude that metal pollution could considerably alter nitrogen dynamics in marine sediments, at least in the short term; and could have repercussions on water-column productivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of metals on nitrogen fixation and denitrification in slurries of anoxic salt-marsh sediment

Slater¹,

Capone²

1984

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Facile reduction of Cr(VI) by sulfide in the aqueous phase has been demonstrated by a number of studies (Schroeder and Lee, 1975;Smillie et al, 1981;Saleh et al, 1989). In a recent study, Kim et al (2001) identified that under the anaerobic conditions, elemental sulfur was the major product of sulfide oxidation by Cr(VI).…”

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confidence: 99%

Kinetic study of hexavalent Cr(VI) reduction by hydrogen sulfide through goethite surface catalytic reaction

Kim¹,

Lan²,

Deng³

2007

Geochem. J.

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Hexavalent chromium reduction by sulfide in the presence of goethite was studied through several batch experiments. Under our specific experimental conditions including 20 µM of hexavalent chromium, 560-1117 µM of sulfide and 10.61-37.13 m 2 /L of goethite at pH of 8.45 controlled by 0.1 M borate buffer, the obtained hexavalent chromium disappearance1.5 and the determined overall rate constant (k) was 31.9 ± 4.2 (min). Among the potential major reducing agents in our comprehensive heterogeneous system such as aqueous phase sulfide, surface-associated sulfide, dissolved ferrous iron, ferrous iron on the goethite surface, as well as fresh ferrous sulfide in the solution, it was considered that the surface ferrous irons which could be produced following sulfide adsorption, played a leading role for Cr(VI) reduction as primary electron donors. In addition, no proof of the preliminary dissolution of ferrous iron from goethite to aqueous phase was observed in the experiments. Elemental sulfur was detected as the final stabilized product of sulfide and it took in charge for the promoted Cr(VI) disappearance for the successive addition of Cr(VI) at later stage.

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“…They can directly reduce and precipitate many metals, including uranium (11), technetium (9,10), arsenate (12), and chromium (23), or precipitate metal cations, as metal sulfides (4,24). Sulfide itself is also known to reduce certain oxidized metals (20), resulting in precipitation. Bioremediation processes may be conducted in bioreactors (4,24,25) or in situ (17).…”

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confidence: 99%

Differential Expression of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Genes in Response to Cu(II) and Hg(II) Toxicity

Chang

Groh²,

Ramsey³

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The response of Desulfovibrio vulgaris to Cu(II) and Hg(II) was characterized. Both metals increased the lag phase, and Cu(II) reduced cell yield at concentrations as low as 50 M. mRNA expression was analyzed using random arbitrarily primed PCR, differential display, and quantitative PCR. Both Cu(II) and Hg(II) (50 M) caused upregulation of mRNA expression for an ATP binding protein (ORF2004) and an ATPase (ORF856) with four-to sixfold increases for Hg(II) and 1.4-to 3-fold increases with Cu(II). These results suggest that D. vulgaris uses an ATP-dependent mechanism for adapting to toxic metals in the environment.Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are known to be involved in metal bioremediation and for this purpose are often encouraged to grow in engineered systems. They can directly reduce and precipitate many metals, including uranium (11), technetium (9, 10), arsenate (12), and chromium (23), or precipitate metal cations, as metal sulfides (4, 24). Sulfide itself is also known to reduce certain oxidized metals (20), resulting in precipitation. Bioremediation processes may be conducted in bioreactors (4, 24, 25) or in situ (17). While SRB are capable of varied metal transformations, metals can also inhibit their growth (14-16). However, we are not aware of previous research aimed at addressing mechanisms of resistance to divalent metal ions by SRB.Differential display using random arbitrarily primed PCR (RAP-PCR) has been used to identify genes induced by growth under different conditions (1, 2, 8). These techniques were recently used by our group with Desulfovibrio desulfuricans subsp. aestuarii to identify differentially transcribed genes during growth on lactate or hydrogen (22). In the present study, we have used a similar approach to identify genes involved in metal resistance. After first determining metal concentrations needed to inhibit growth of Desulfovibrio vulgaris, we used RAP-PCR to identify genes whose transcription was enhanced in the presence of Cu 2ϩ or Hg 2ϩ . These transcripts were subsequently quantitated in metal-treated cultures and control cultures and were identified through genetic database analysis.Effects of metals on growth. Initial studies were aimed at determining suitable metal concentrations for differential expression experiments. D. vulgaris Hildenborough was grown anaerobically on lactate sulfate medium (LSM) and pyruvate medium (PM) without sulfide, bicarbonate, and CO 2 . LSM was prepared as previously described (7) and contained sodium DLlactate (50 mM), Na 2 SO 4 (50 mM), yeast extract (0.1%), vitamins, minerals, trace metals, and resazurin. D. vulgaris was also cultivated fermentatively in a similar pyruvate medium with pyruvate (20 mM) and MgCl 2 instead of MgSO 4 · 7H 2 O and no other sources of sulfate.For the preparation of inocula, cultures were grown to midexponential phase and harvested by centrifugation (4,650 ϫ g for 20 min). The cell pellet was washed twice and finally resuspended in fresh medium (without bicarbonate-sulfide). Cultures for metal inhibition and e...

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Reduction of chromium(VI) by bacterially produced hydrogen sulphide in a marine environment

Cited by 83 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of metals on nitrogen fixation and denitrification in slurries of anoxic salt-marsh sediment

Effects of metals on nitrogen fixation and denitrification in slurries of anoxic salt-marsh sediment

Kinetic study of hexavalent Cr(VI) reduction by hydrogen sulfide through goethite surface catalytic reaction

Differential Expression of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Genes in Response to Cu(II) and Hg(II) Toxicity

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