Reduction of avian influenza virus shedding by administration of Toll-like receptor ligands to chickens

Barjesteh, Neda; Shojadoost, Bahram; Brisbin, Jennifer T.; Emam, Mehdi; Hodgins, Douglas C.; Nagy, Éva; Sharif, Shayan

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.070

Cited by 45 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Similar results were observed in an in vivo study, in which expression of IL-1β significantly up-regulated in chicken spleen after treatment with Pam3CSK4 and LPS (Paul et al, 2011). These results are also supported by Barjesteh et al (2015) in which Pam3CSK4 and LPS significantly up-regulated the expression of IL-1β in CAM of ECEs. Contrary to our findings the expression of IL-1β was significantly increased in spleen of chicken embryos by treatment of CpG ODN (Dar et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…In another in vitro study, LPS treatment up-regulated the transcription of iNOS and NO production in chicken macrophages (He et al, 2011) and monocytes (He et al, 2006). These results are also supported by Barjesteh et al (2015) in which Pam3CSK4 and LPS significantly up-regulated the expression of iNOS in CAM of ECEs. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS or NOS-2), one of the enzymes secreted by macrophages in response to intracellular pathogen, certain tumor cells, microbial products such as lipopolysaccharide and cytokine IFN-γ are of importance in immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

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Effect of TLR agonist on infections bronchitis virus replication and cytokine expression in embryonated chicken eggs

Sharma¹,

Kakker

Bhadouriya³

et al. 2020

Molecular Immunology

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A B S T R A C TAvian infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute, highly infectious and contagious viral disease of chickens caused by avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) belonging to the genus Coronavirus and family Coronaviridae. It can affect all age groups of birds. The toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a major class of innate immune pattern recognition receptors that have a key role in immune response and defense against various infections.The TLRs are essential for initiation of innate immune responses and in the development of adaptive immune responses. An in ovo model was employed to study the antiviral activity of TLR ligands (Pam3CSK4, LPS and CpG ODN) on replication of IBV. It was hypothesized that optimum dose and specific timing of TLR ligands may reduce viral load of IBV in specific pathogen free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs). Further, the mechanism involved in the TLRmediated antiviral response in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of ECEs was investigated. The ECEs of 9-11 days old were treated with different doses (high, intermediate and low) of TLR-2 (Pam3CSK4), TLR-4 (LPS) and TLR-21 (CpG ODN) ligands. In addition, to know the timing of TLR ligand treatment, six time intervals were analyzed viz. 36, 24 and 12 h prior to infection, time of infection (co-administration of TLR ligands and avian IBV) and 12 and 24 h post-IBV infection. For studying the relative expression of immuno-stimulatory genes (IFNα, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-1β, iNOS and OAS) in CAM, TLR ligands were administered through intra-allantoicroute and CAM were collected at 4, 8 and 16 h post treatment. The results demonstrated that intermediate dose of all the three TLR ligands significantly reduced virus titers and used in the present study. However, the LPS reduced virus titer pre-and post-IBV infection but Pam3CSK4 and CpG ODN reduced only pre-IBV infection. Further analysis showed that TLR ligands induced IFN-γ, IL-1β and IFN stimulated genes viz. iNOS and OAS genes in CAM. The present study pointed towards the novel opportunities for rational design of LPS as immuno-stimulatory agent in chickens with reference to IBV. It may be speculated that in ovo administration of these TLR ligands may enhance resistance against viral infection in neonatal chicken and may contribute towards the development of more effective and safer vaccines including in ovo vaccines.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Effect of TLR agonist on infections bronchitis virus replication and cytokine expression in embryonated chicken eggs

Sharma¹,

Kakker

Bhadouriya³

et al. 2020

Molecular Immunology

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“…Type I IFNs, which include IFN-α and IFN-β, play an important role in innate responses to viral infections by inducing an anti-viral state in virus-infected and uninfected cells as well as in bystander cells, interfering in the various stages of viral life cycle by mechanisms involving degradation of viral nucleic acids or inhibition of viral gene expression 26–28 . In the current study, the expression of IFN-α and IFN-β in the GIT and respiratory tract was down-regulated in antibiotic depleted chickens mainly at 24 h and 36 h p.i., respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota-mediated protection against influenza virus subtype H9N2 in chickens is associated with modulation of the innate responses

Yitbarek

Taha-Abdelaziz

Hodgins

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Commensal gut microbiota plays an important role in health and disease. The current study was designed to assess the role of gut microbiota of chickens in the initiation of antiviral responses against avian influenza virus. Day-old layer chickens received a cocktail of antibiotics for 12 (ABX-D12) or 16 (ABX-D16) days to deplete their gut microbiota, followed by treatment of chickens from ABX-12 with five Lactobacillus species combination (PROB), fecal microbial transplant suspension (FMT) or sham treatment daily for four days. At day 17 of age, chickens were challenged with H9N2 virus. Cloacal virus shedding, and interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-β and interleukin (IL)-22 expression in the trachea, lung, ileum and cecal tonsils was assessed. Higher virus shedding, and compromised type I IFNs and IL-22 expression was observed in ABX-D16 chickens compared to control, while PROB and FMT showed reduced virus shedding and restored IL-22 expression to levels comparable with undepleted chickens. In conclusion, commensal gut microbiota of chickens can modulate innate responses to influenza virus subtype H9N2 infection in chickens, and modulating the composition of the microbiome using probiotics- and/or FMT-based interventions might serve to promote a healthy community that confers protection against influenza virus infection in chickens.

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that TLR ligands can be exploited prophylac- tically to confer immunity against pathogens (Gomis et al, 2004;Dar et al, 2009;St. Paul et al, 2012c;Barjesteh et al, 2015) and as vaccine adjuvants to enhance adaptive immune responses . Although the role of TLR ligands in eliciting innate and adaptive responses has been characterized in the chicken spleen and bursa of Fabricius (St. Paul et al, 2011, 2012b, considerably less is known about responses in cecal tonsils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of host responses induced by Toll-like receptor ligands in chicken cecal tonsil cells

Taha-Abdelaziz

Alkie

Hodgins

et al. 2016

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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Reduction of avian influenza virus shedding by administration of Toll-like receptor ligands to chickens

Cited by 45 publications

References 42 publications

Effect of TLR agonist on infections bronchitis virus replication and cytokine expression in embryonated chicken eggs

Effect of TLR agonist on infections bronchitis virus replication and cytokine expression in embryonated chicken eggs

Gut microbiota-mediated protection against influenza virus subtype H9N2 in chickens is associated with modulation of the innate responses

Characterization of host responses induced by Toll-like receptor ligands in chicken cecal tonsil cells

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