Reduction in transplacental transmission of Neospora caninum in outbred mice by vaccination

Miller, Catherine M.; Quinn, Helen; Ryce, Cheryl; Reichel, Michael P.; Ellis, John

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.03.006

Cited by 45 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The results suggest that the protection induced was not isolate specific. This is the first time that successful vaccination against Neospora-mediated fetal death in mice or cattle has been described, and this study extends previous observations that live immunization induces protection against vertical transmission in both cattle and mice (12,15,18). In contrast, vaccination using whole, killed tachyzoites failed to protect against vertical transmission in cattle (3,4), and the use of single recombinant antigens or whole-tachyzoite lysate to induce protection in mice has yielded variable results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…In contrast, vaccination using whole, killed tachyzoites failed to protect against vertical transmission in cattle (3,4), and the use of single recombinant antigens or whole-tachyzoite lysate to induce protection in mice has yielded variable results. NcSRS2 administered in immunostimulating complexes or Freund's adjuvant or as a vaccinia virus construct elicits partial protection from vertical transmission in BALB/c mice (11,21,22), while whole crude lysate has been shown to induce complete protection or partial protection in two different mouse models (14,18). Because of the effectiveness of live vaccination, we went to great lengths to prove that our lysate did not contain any live tachyzoites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown that immunization using live tachyzoites, tachyzoite lysate, or select specific antigens, notably SAG1 and SRS2, can protect against transplacental transmission resulting from an experimental challenge with tachyzoites during pregnancy in mice (11,14,18,20,21,22). However, it has proven to be difficult to demonstrate protection against abortion because of the lack of an appropriate model system.…”

Section: Neospora Caninum Is An Obligate Intracellular Protozoan Paramentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunization of Cattle with Live Tachyzoites of Neospora caninum Confers Protection against Fetal Death

Williams

Guy

Smith³

et al. 2007

Infect Immun

111

103

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Neospora caninum is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that causes abortion in cattle. It is normally found as a latent infection controlled by a T-helper-cell type 1 response involving CD4؉ cytotoxic T cells and gamma interferon. Cattle may be infected by two different routes: transplacentally as a result of activation of the latent infection in the mother causing congenital infection or abortion and by ingestion of oocysts, which, if it occurs during gestation, can also result in abortion. Here, for the first time, we establish proof that live vaccination protects against fetal death, whereas immunization using whole-tachyzoite lysate in different adjuvants fails to protect against fetal death. Strong antibody responses were induced in all the vaccinated groups, and the quality and magnitude of these responses were similar in the live-and the lysate-vaccinated groups. In contrast, only the group immunized with live tachyzoites had strong cellular and gamma interferon responses prior to challenge, and these responses correlated with protection against fetopathy. These results suggest that a cellular immune response may be important in the mechanisms involved in protection against N. caninum-associated abortions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neospora Caninum Is An Obligate Intracellular Protozoan Paramentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Immunization of Cattle with Live Tachyzoites of Neospora caninum Confers Protection against Fetal Death

Williams

Guy

Smith³

et al. 2007

Infect Immun

111

103

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“…Recently, protection against fetal death was reported for cows vaccinated with live N. caninum (198,478). These results confirmed previous vaccination studies with mice, in which live infection prior to gestation protected against challenge during gestation (263,306). However, at present, protection from endogenous transplacental transmission in controlled cattle has not been shown for any vaccine.…”

Section: Control Measuressupporting

confidence: 73%

Epidemiology and Control of Neosporosis andNeospora caninum

2007

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SUMMARY Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite of animals. Until 1988, it was misidentified as Toxoplasma gondii. Since its first recognition in dogs in 1984 and the description of the new genus and species Neospora caninum in 1988, neosporosis has emerged as a serious disease of cattle and dogs worldwide. Abortions and neonatal mortality are a major problem in livestock operations, and neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in cattle. Although antibodies to N. caninum have been reported, the parasite has not been detected in human tissues. Thus, the zoonotic potential is uncertain. This review is focused mainly on the epidemiology and control of neosporosis in cattle, but worldwide seroprevalences of N. caninum in animals and humans are tabulated. The role of wildlife in the life cycle of N. caninum and strategies for the control of neosporosis in cattle are discussed.

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“…In our study, adult outbred fat-tailed dunnarts were infected with the Australian isolates N. caninum NC-Nowra and T. gondii TgAuDg1 (type II). Both of these strains are considered to be low-virulence strains and produce little to no disease in murine models (42)(43)(44). Despite similarities in the parasite inoculum doses and virulence, the disease outcome was more severe in dunnarts infected with N. caninum than in those infected with T. gondii.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Gamma Interferon- and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Driven Cytokine Response Distinguishes Acute Infection of a Metatherian Host with Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum

et al. 2017

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Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum (both Apicomplexa) are closely related cyst-forming coccidian parasites that differ significantly in their host ranges and ability to cause disease. Unlike eutherian mammals, Australian marsupials (metatherian mammals) have long been thought to be highly susceptible to toxoplasmosis and neosporosis because of their historical isolation from the parasites. In this study, the carnivorous fat-tailed dunnart (Sminthopsis crassicaudata) was used as a disease model to investigate the immune response and susceptibility to infection of an Australian marsupial to T. gondii and N. caninum. The disease outcome was more severe in N. caninuminfected dunnarts than in T. gondii-infected dunnarts, as shown by the severity of clinical and histopathological features of disease and higher tissue parasite burdens in the tissues evaluated. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) of spleens from infected dunnarts and mitogen-stimulated dunnart splenocytes was used to define the cytokine repertoires. Changes in mRNA expression during the time course of infection were measured using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) for key Th1 (gamma interferon KEYWORDS apicomplexan parasites, cytokines, real-time PCR, transcriptomics N eospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii (Apicomplexa: Coccidia) are tissue cystforming parasites with a worldwide distribution. Although these closely related parasites share some similar morphological and biological features, they exhibit key differences in host range and pathogenicity (1, 2). Toxoplasma gondii is regarded as one of the most successful parasites due to its capacity to infect and cause disease in essentially any mammalian or avian species (3). In humans, it is also considered a pathogen of particular significance for pregnant and immunocompromised individuals (3, 4). In contrast, N. caninum is capable of infecting many different species but is not

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Reduction in transplacental transmission of Neospora caninum in outbred mice by vaccination

Cited by 45 publications

References 26 publications

Immunization of Cattle with Live Tachyzoites of Neospora caninum Confers Protection against Fetal Death

Immunization of Cattle with Live Tachyzoites of Neospora caninum Confers Protection against Fetal Death

Epidemiology and Control of Neosporosis andNeospora caninum

Differential Gamma Interferon- and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Driven Cytokine Response Distinguishes Acute Infection of a Metatherian Host with Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum

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