Reduction in soil aggregation in response to dust emission processes

Swet, Nitzan; Katra, Itzhak

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.06.002

Cited by 36 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…We analyzed the properties of each sand sample using a series of physical and chemical techniques. First, we analyzed the particle size distribution (PSD) using the laser diffraction technique with the ANALYSETTE 22 MicroTec Plus, Fritsch (Swet and Katra, 2016), which measured particles within 0.08-2000 μm in optical diameter. We calculated the PSD of soil samples with a 5…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine dust emissions from active sands at coastal Oceano Dunes, California

Huang¹,

Kok²,

Martin³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Sand dunes and other active sands generally have a low content of fine grains and, therefore, are not considered to be major dust sources in climate models. However, recent remote sensing studies have indicated that a surprisingly large fraction of dust storms are generated from regions covered by sand dunes, leading these studies to propose that sand dunes might be globally-relevant sources of dust. To help understand the dust emission potential of sand dunes and other active 15 sands, we present in situ field measurements of dust emission under natural saltation from a coastal sand sheet at Oceano Dunes in California. We find that saltation drives substantial dust emissions from this setting. Laboratory analyses of sand samples suggest that these emissions are produced by aeolian abrasion of feldspars and removal of coatings of clay minerals on sand grains. We further find that this emitted dust is substantially finer than dust emitted from non-sandy soils and dust observed in situ over North Africa. As such, dust emitted from the sand sheet, and potentially from other active sands 20 affected by similar dust emission processes, could have potent impacts on climate, the hydrological cycle, and human health.These measurements thus support the hypothesis that considerable emissions of fine dust can be generated by the reactivation of inactive dunes with accumulated clay minerals. This might occur due to future land-use changes and desertification, and is not currently represented in most climate models.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine dust emissions from active sands at coastal Oceano Dunes, California

Huang¹,

Kok²,

Martin³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Several studies have shown a positive relationship among the amounts of clays, SOM, SWC and CaCO 3 to aggregate size (Tisdall & Oades, ; Amézketa, ). Micro‐aggregates (<250 µm) are the erodible fraction in the soil (Swet & Katra, ). Therefore, Gvulot, Urim and Migda plots which contain a higher amount of micro‐aggregates are considered to be less resistant to wind erosion compared with the other plots.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples from the natural and grazing soils (Hatzerim N and Hatzerim G) were also analysed in two fractions of aggregate sizes (sub‐samples): <250 µm (micro‐aggregates) and >250 µm (macro‐aggregates). The significant differences in soil aggregation between these soils (Swet & Katra, ) were used as a case to examine the effect of soil aggregation on the biological community composition in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of the loess soils throughout the world are associated with dust emission to the atmosphere (Hasselquist et al , ; Xi & Sokolik, ; Swet & Katra, ). In recent decades, soils of the Negev region in southern Israel have been subjected to increased anthropogenic activities, which cause changes in their physicochemical properties, and thus the potential of dust emission (Swet & Katra, ; Tanner et al ., ). In this study, MiSeq high throughput sequencing method was used to explore the structure of prokaryotic communities in semiarid loess soils that are associated with dust emission and are subjected to different agricultural land uses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shifting Cyanobacterial Diversity in Response to Agricultural Soils Associated with Dust Emission

et al. 2016

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Dust emission to the atmosphere from wind‐eroded soils has many environmental impacts, including soil degradation and air pollution. Various agricultural land uses alter the topsoil properties and thus affect dust particle characteristics as well as loading of biological components into the air. In the present work, the richness and abundance of bacterial communities in topsoils of semiarid loess that are associated with dust emissions were studied by high throughput sequencing methods and were found to be affected by land uses: conventional agriculture, organic agriculture alternating with grazing, uncontrolled grazing activities and natural nondisturbed soil. Moreover, bacterial diversity was shown to be influenced by the contents of sand, CaCO3 and particulate matter in the topsoil. Of all bacteria taxa detected, cyanobacteria were found to be most strongly influenced by land use: Natural and grazing lands were highly abundant with cyanobacterial reads (about 33%), whereas conventional agriculture lands and organic agriculture lands alternating with grazing contained only 7% cyanobacteria. When examining macro‐aggregates in two soils (natural and grazing), approximately 44% of reads were found to be affiliated to cyanobacteria, whereas in micro‐aggregates, their concentration decreased to about 11%. Intensive agricultural use leads to a reduction in soil aggregation and significantly decreases cyanobacteria abundance, in turn increasing dust emission potential and loss of topsoil materials to the atmosphere. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Larger soil particles or aggregates move close to the surface in the form of saltation and are mostly found in adjacent areas [41]. The aggregates formed by small dust particles may break down during their movement to release additional suspended PM into the atmosphere [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree Belts for Decreasing Aeolian Dust-Carried Pesticides from Cultivated Areas

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the function of tree belts in reducing the aeolian transport of dust particles carrying pesticides. The study examined the importance of the buffer zones created by commonly planted trees (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Pinus halepensis (pine) and Ceratonia siliqua (carob)). The methods include analyzing the quantity and the chemical composition of pesticides carried by aeolian dust particles from the intensively cultivated fields and orchards, where pesticides were applied, towards the tree belts nearby. Eighteen different chemicals used as insecticides, fungicides and herbicides, were found both in the agricultural fields and in the adjacent tree belts, suggesting an important function of the trees. This ecological service has rarely been taken into consideration by management policies of tree plantings in farmland areas. To integrate this service into agriculture, especially in the case of agricultural fields and orchards, which are adjacent to populated areas, planting tree belts should be positively considered as a means for reducing aeolian dust and air pollution, mainly in order to reduce leakage of pesticides, which are a cause for significant health concerns.

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Reduction in soil aggregation in response to dust emission processes

Cited by 36 publications

References 36 publications

Fine dust emissions from active sands at coastal Oceano Dunes, California

Fine dust emissions from active sands at coastal Oceano Dunes, California

Shifting Cyanobacterial Diversity in Response to Agricultural Soils Associated with Dust Emission

Tree Belts for Decreasing Aeolian Dust-Carried Pesticides from Cultivated Areas

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