Reduction in prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women

Gupta, Aakriti; Kapil, Radhika; Kapil, Umesh

doi:10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1429_18

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…There is also a decreasing trend of anaemia during pregnancy in many low and middle-income countries similar to our setting. 11 In our study anaemia was found to be more prevalent in prime gravida than in successive pregnancies. Whether this decline in the prevalence of anaemia in successive pregnancies is due to effective screening needs to be established by further study in future.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Anaemia among Pregnant Women Visiting Obstetric Department of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Joshi¹,

GC²,

Sah³

et al. 2023

J Nepal Med Assoc

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Introduction: Anaemia is one of the common health problems of pregnant women and children in developing countries. Anaemia in pregnancy is related to poor foetal and maternal outcomes contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. Anaemia is a treatable and preventable condition. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women visiting the Obstetric Department of a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the pregnant women visiting the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a tertiary care centre for their antenatal checkup. The study was conducted from 2 November 2022 to 11 November 2022 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 11(6-11)E2/079/080). Pregnant women with a history of blood transfusion, anaemia of chronic disease like chronic kidney disease, history of recurrent bleeding, and referral cases from other centres were excluded from the study. Serum haemoglobin was used for diagnosing anaemia according to criteria given by the World Health Organization. Convenience sampling was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Among 442 pregnant women, the prevalence of anaemia was 24 (5.43%) (3.32-7.54, 95% Confidence Interval). Conclusions: The prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women was lower in comparison to other studies done in similar settings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Anaemia among Pregnant Women Visiting Obstetric Department of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Joshi¹,

GC²,

Sah³

et al. 2023

J Nepal Med Assoc

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“…However, some studies have documented that E. coli has become resistant to some antibiotics due to their widespread and inappropriate use [ 24 , 25 ]. Such misuse poses a serious health problem [ 26 ]; antimicrobial resistant E. coli strains have been reported as the main carriers of antibiotic resistance genes to ampicillin, penicillin, tetracycline, and rifampicin [ 27 , 28 ]. Hybrid DEC pathotypes have been reported to exhibit multidrug resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics [ 20 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli from Fomites in Rural Households in South Africa

Rakhalaru,

Munzhedzi,

Abia

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) pathotypes are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Daily interaction between people contributes to the spreading of Escherichia coli (E. coli), and fomites are a common source of community-acquired bacterial infections. The spread of bacterial infectious diseases from inanimate objects to the surrounding environment and humans is a serious problem for public health, safety, and development. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of diarrheagenic E. coli found in toilets and kitchen cloths in the Vhembe district, South Africa. One hundred and five samples were cultured to isolate E. coli: thirty-five samples were kitchen cloths and seventy-five samples were toilet swabs. Biochemical tests, API20E, and the VITEK®-2 automated system were used to identify E. coli. Pathotypes of E. coli were characterised using Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (mPCR). Nine amplified gene fragments were sequenced using partial sequencing. A total of eight antibiotics were used for the antibiotic susceptibility testing of E. coli isolates using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Among the collected samples, 47% were positive for E. coli. DEC prevalence was high (81%), with ETEC (51%) harboring lt and st genes being the most dominant pathotype found on both kitchen cloths and toilet surfaces. Diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes were more prevalent in the kitchen cloths (79.6%) compared with the toilet surfaces. Notably, hybrid pathotypes were detected in 44.2% of the isolates, showcasing the co-existence of multiple pathotypes within a single E. coli strain. The antibiotic resistance testing of E. coli isolates from kitchen cloths and toilets showed high resistance to ampicillin (100%) and amoxicillin (100%). Only E. coli isolates with hybrid pathotypes were found to be resistant to more than three antibiotics. This study emphasizes the significance of fomites as potential sources of bacterial contamination in rural settings. The results highlight the importance of implementing proactive measures to improve hygiene practices and antibiotic stewardship in these communities. These measures are essential for reducing the impact of DEC infections and antibiotic resistance, ultimately safeguarding public health.

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“…However, the impact of MCE on the gut microbiota composition and immune reaction of ruminant animals is poorly understood. On the other hand, given the excessive drug residues in animal products and the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria caused by the long-term antibiotic use (Kapil, 2005), the antimicrobial properties of MCE do not have adverse effects on the intestinal microbiota. Therefore, new studies focusing on dietary MCE supplements to ruminants are needed to assess the impact of MCE on microbiota, immune responses, and their interplay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome–transcriptome analysis reveals that dietary supplementation with macleaya cordata extract alters multiple immune pathways with minimal impact on microbial structure

Wu,

Zhang,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundAs a potential antibiotic alternative, macleaya cordata extract (MCE) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. This study was conducted to assess the impact of MCE supplementation on the gut microbiota and its interplay with the host in young goats. Thirty female black goats with similar body weight (5.63 ± 0.30 kg) were selected and randomly allotted into one of three diets: a control diet (Control), a control diet with antibiotics (Antibiotics, 21 mg/kg/day vancomycin and 42 mg/kg/day neomycin), and a control diet with MCE (MCE, 3.75% w/w premix).ResultsPrincipal coordinate analysis of the microbial community showed that samples of Antibiotic clustered separately from both Control and MCE (p < 0.001). The random forest analysis revealed that, in comparison to the Control group, the impact of Antibiotics on the microbiota structure was more pronounced than that of MCE (number of featured microbiota, 13 in Antibiotics and >6 in MCE). In addition, the pathways of significant enrichment either from DEGs between Antibiotics and Control or from DEGs between MCE and Control were almost identical, including Th17 cell differentiation, butanoate metabolism, T-cell receptor signaling pathway, intestinal immune network for IgA production, antigen processing and presentation, and ABC transporters. Furthermore, an integrative analysis indicated that significant positive correlations (p < 0.05) were observed between HEPHL1 and the featured biomarkers Atopostipes, Syntrophococcus, Romboutsia, and Acinetobacter in the MCE group. Conversely, several significant negative correlations (p < 0.05) were identified between HEPHL1 and the featured biomarkers Clostridium_XlVa, Phascolarctobacterium, Desulfovibrio, Cloacibacillus, Barnesiella, Succinatimonas, Alistipes, Oscillibacter, Ruminococcus2, and Megasphaera in the Antibiotics group.ConclusionCollectively, the analysis of microbiome–transcriptome data revealed that dietary supplementation with MCE produced significant alterations in multiple immune pathways, while having minimal impact on the microbial structure.

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Reduction in prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Anaemia among Pregnant Women Visiting Obstetric Department of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Anaemia among Pregnant Women Visiting Obstetric Department of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli from Fomites in Rural Households in South Africa

Microbiome–transcriptome analysis reveals that dietary supplementation with macleaya cordata extract alters multiple immune pathways with minimal impact on microbial structure

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