Reduction in Pathogen Populations at Grapevine Wound Sites is Associated with the Mechanism Underlying the Biological Control of Crown Gall by &lt;i&gt;Rhizobium vitis&lt;/i&gt; Strain ARK-1

Kawaguchi, Akira

doi:10.1264/jsme2.me14059

Cited by 20 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Previous research suggested that ARK-1sc suppressed growth of the Ti strain in grapevine plants at 2 dai, but not at 1 and 5 dai (Kawaguchi 2014). In the present study, populations of ARK-1sc on the plants did not differ significantly from those of Ti strain VAT03-9n before 7 dai.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Taken together, the present results suggest that ARK-1 cannot strongly suppress growth of the Ti strain in grapevine plants before 7 dai. Kawaguchi (2014) reported that ARK-1 suppressed growth of the Ti strain in grapevines from 9 to 88 dai. In the present study, the ARK-1sc population was significantly higher than that of the Ti strain at 7, 9, and 11 dai.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although ARK-1 produced a zone of inhibition against tumorigenic Agrobacterium spp. in in vitro assays, antibiosis was not the main mechanism of biological control, because ARK-1 suppressed tumor formation in grapevine shoots caused by a Ti strain that was insensitive to the antibiosis produced by ARK-1 (Kawaguchi 2014). Although ARK-1 reduced the pathogen population at the wound site through biological control, ARK-1 suppressed the Ti strain population significantly at 2 days after inoculation (dai) but did not suppress the Ti population at 1 and 5 dai (Kawaguchi 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in in vitro assays, antibiosis was not the main mechanism of biological control, because ARK-1 suppressed tumor formation in grapevine shoots caused by a Ti strain that was insensitive to the antibiosis produced by ARK-1 (Kawaguchi 2014). Although ARK-1 reduced the pathogen population at the wound site through biological control, ARK-1 suppressed the Ti strain population significantly at 2 days after inoculation (dai) but did not suppress the Ti population at 1 and 5 dai (Kawaguchi 2014). It is most likely that transformation by A. vitis would occur prior to 5 days because co-cultivation of Agrobacterium cells and plants has been successfully tried for 2 or 3 days in a general protocol for the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of plants (Jones et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological control agent Agrobacterium vitis strain ARK-1 suppresses expression of the virD2 and virE2 genes in tumorigenic A. vitis

Kawaguchi

2015

Eur J Plant Pathol

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A nonpathogenic strain of Agrobacterium (=Rhizobium) vitis, ARK-1, limits the development of crown gall of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Coinoculation of grapevine shoots with ARK-1 and the tumorigenic (Ti) strain VAT03-9 at a 1:1 cell ratio resulted in significantly lower expression of the virulence genes virD2 and virE2 of VAT03-9 1 day after inoculation (dai) compared with expression levels when shoots were inoculated only with VAT03-9. In contrast, nonpathogenic A. vitis strain VAR06-30, which does not limit the development of crown gall of grapevine, coinoculated with VAT03-9 did not affect expression levels of virD2 and virE2 under the same conditions. ARK-1 began to suppress the VAT03-9 population by seven dai, but no such effect was observed with VAR06-30 during the nine dai study period. Thus, the biological control activity of ARK-1 is likely based on the suppression of essential virulence genes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological control agent Agrobacterium vitis strain ARK-1 suppresses expression of the virD2 and virE2 genes in tumorigenic A. vitis

Kawaguchi

2015

Eur J Plant Pathol

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“…ARK-1 also reduced the pathogen population at the wound site; however, it seems that the suppression of virulence gene expressions is the key mechanism to reduce gall production. 26) Confirmation of suppression of two vir genes (virD2 and virE2) using the RT-qPCR was conducted in both in vitro and in planta experiments. The products of these genes, VirD2 and VirE2 proteins, are directly associated with the transformation of plant cells by Ti strains of Rhizobium, 6),7), 29) resulting in gall formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erratum to “Biological control for grapevine crown gall using nonpathogenic <i>Rhizobium vitis</i> strain ARK-1”

Kawaguchi¹,

Inoue²,

Tanina³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Ser. B: Physical and Biologic

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Erratum to "Biological control for grapevine crown gall using nonpathogenic Rhizobium vitis strain ARK- Abstract: Crown gall of grapevine, which is caused by tumorigenic Rhizobium vitis, is the most important bacterial disease of grapevine throughout the world. Screening tests of biological control agents resulted in the discovery of a nonpathogenic R. vitis strain ARK-1. By soaking grapevine roots with a cell suspension of strain ARK-1 prior to planting in the field, ARK-1 treatment significantly reduced the number of plants with crown gall symptoms. Several field trials result indicated that ARK-1 was very useful in the field, not only for grapevine but also for various other plant species. In experiments where a mixture of ARK-1 and a tumorigenic strain at a 1 : 1 cell ratio was examined in vitro and in planta, expression levels of the virulence genes virD2 and virE2 of the tumorigenic strain were significantly lower. The suppression of virulence genes, which can result in a reduction of gall formation and the pathogen population, seems to be a unique mechanism of ARK-1. These results indicated that ARK-1 is a promising new agent to control grapevine crown gall.

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The Ecology of Agrobacterium vitis and Management of Crown Gall Disease in Vineyards

Kuzmanović

Puławska

Hao

et al. 2018

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

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Agrobacterium vitis is the primary causal agent of grapevine crown gall worldwide. Symptoms of grapevine crown gall disease include tumor formation on the aerial plant parts, whereas both tumorigenic and nontumorigenic strains of A. vitis cause root necrosis. Genetic and genomic analyses indicated that A. vitis is distinguishable from the members of the Agrobacterium genus and its transfer to the genus Allorhizobium was suggested. A. vitis is genetically diverse, with respect to both chromosomal and plasmid DNA. Its pathogenicity is mainly determined by a large conjugal tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid characterized by a mosaic structure with conserved and variable regions. Traditionally, A. vitis Ti plasmids and host strains were differentiated into octopine/cucumopine, nopaline, and vitopine groups, based on opine markers. However, tumorigenic and nontumorigenic strains of A. vitis may carry other ecologically important plasmids, such as tartrate- and opine-catabolic plasmids. A. vitis colonizes vines endophytically. It is also able to survive epiphytically on grapevine plants and is detected in soil exclusively in association with grapevine plants. Because A. vitis persists systemically in symptomless grapevine plants, it can be efficiently disseminated to distant geographical areas via international trade of propagation material. The use of healthy planting material in areas with no history of the crown gall represents the crucial measure of disease management. Moreover, biological control and production of resistant grape varieties are encouraging as future control measures.

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Reduction in Pathogen Populations at Grapevine Wound Sites is Associated with the Mechanism Underlying the Biological Control of Crown Gall by <i>Rhizobium vitis</i> Strain ARK-1

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Biological control agent Agrobacterium vitis strain ARK-1 suppresses expression of the virD2 and virE2 genes in tumorigenic A. vitis

Biological control agent Agrobacterium vitis strain ARK-1 suppresses expression of the virD2 and virE2 genes in tumorigenic A. vitis

Erratum to “Biological control for grapevine crown gall using nonpathogenic <i>Rhizobium vitis</i> strain ARK-1”

The Ecology of Agrobacterium vitis and Management of Crown Gall Disease in Vineyards

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