Reduction in omega-3 fatty acids by UV-B irradiation in microalgae

Wang, Ken S.; Chai, Tuu-Jyi

doi:10.1007/bf02182158

Cited by 89 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Several studies have reported that UV-B has qualitative effects on the distribution of fatty acids (FA) in algae (e.g. Goes et al, 1994;Wang & Chai, 1994;. Besides others, the relative increase of short-chained fatty acids and a decrease of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are described as common responses in UV-stressed phytoplankton cells (e.g.…”

Section: Uv Effects On Fatty Acid Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of UV radiation on five marine microphytobenthic Wadden sea diatoms, isolated from the Solthörn tidal flat (Lower Saxony, southern North Sea) – Part II: changes in carbohydrate, amino acid and fatty acid composition

Scholz

Rúa

Liebezeit

2014

European Journal of Phycology

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Section: Uv Effects On Fatty Acid Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of UV radiation on five marine microphytobenthic Wadden sea diatoms, isolated from the Solthörn tidal flat (Lower Saxony, southern North Sea) – Part II: changes in carbohydrate, amino acid and fatty acid composition

Scholz

Rúa

Liebezeit

2014

European Journal of Phycology

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“…Nannochloroposis spp. are cultivated for EPA production so as to be used in aquaculture as nutritional ingredient and in pharmaceutical sector as a bioactive ingredient for the prevention of various human diseases (Wang and Chai, 1994;Srinivas and Ochs, 2012). Concerning applications in cosmetology, only Nannochloropsis oculata extracts have been commercially used, since they were proven to have skin-tightening properties (Susan et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Protective Effects of Nannochloropsis gaditana Extract on H2O2-Stressed Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Letsiou¹,

Kalliampakou

Gardikis³

et al. 2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Nowadays, there is huge interest in natural products obtained from marine organisms that can promote a state of health and well-being for humans. Microalgae represent a primary source of bioactive compounds that could be used as functional ingredients in cosmetic formulations. The aim of the present study is to evaluate, for the first time, the effects of Nannochloropsis gaditana extract against oxidative stress in human primary fibroblasts so as to investigate the potential applications of it in cosmetics. To gain an insight into the molecular mechanisms of N. gaditana bioactivity, we developed a new RT-qPCR platform for studying transcript accumulation for an array of selected genes (up to 100) involved in many skin-related processes including anti-aging, hydration, oxidative stress response, and DNA damage. For the oxidative stress evaluation, H 2 O 2 was used as a stressor. The study of the transcript accumulation of genes revealed that N. gaditana extract exhibits skin protection properties by mediating oxidative responses and apoptosis (including SOD1, GPX1, BID), positively regulates genes involves in skin texture and hydration (including AQP3, Col6A1, FBN1) and modulates the expression of genes involved in skin irritation, DNA damage and aging (including IL1R, PCNA, FOXO3). These findings indicate that the specific N. gaditana extract possesses significant in vitro skin protection activity against induced oxidative stress, and provide new insights into the beneficial role of microalgae bioactive compounds in cosmetic formulations protecting skin from oxidative stress.

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“…Bothwell et al 1994, Williamson et al 1999, and see discussion in Hessen et al 1997). Recent investigations point to the possibility of such a foodchain effect in both marine and freshwaters: UV-B exposure (even at low dose rates) reduces the total lipid content of some microalgae (Arts & Rai 1997, Plante & Arts 1998, Arts et al 2000: this effect includes the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (Goes et al 1994, Wang & Chai 1994, Hessen et al 1997. For zooplankton and fish larvae, the only source of these fatty acids is dietary-since they cannot synthesize PUFAs de novo, they must be obtained through prey organisms (e.g.…”

Section: Indirect Effects Of Uv Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of ultraviolet radiation on marine crustacean zooplankton and ichthyoplankton:a synthesis of results from the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada

Browman¹,

Rodriguez²,

Béland³

et al. 2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The objectives of the research program reported upon here were (1) to measure ambient levels of UV radiation and determine whichvariables most strongly affected its attenuation in the waters of the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada; and (2) to investigate the potential direct impacts of W radiation on species of crustacean zooplankton and fish whose early life stages are planktonic. In this geographic region, productivity-determining biophysical interactions occur in the upper 0 to 30 m of the water column. Measurements of the diffuse attenuation coefficients for ultraviolet-B radiation ( W -B , 280 to 320 nm) at various locations in this region indicated maximum 10% depths (the depth to which 10% of the surface energy penetrates at a given wavelength) of 3 to 4 m at a wavelength of 310 nm. Organisms residing in this layer-including the eggs and larvae of Calanus finmarchicus and Atlantic cod Gadus morhua-are exposed to biologically damaging levels of W radiation. As a result of these physical and biological characteristics, this system offered a relevant opportunity to assess the impacts of UV on subarctic marine ecosystems. Eggs of C. finmarchicus were incubated under the sun, with and without the W -B and/or UV-A (320 to 400 nm) wavebands. W-exposed eggs exhibited low percent hatchmg compared to those protected from W : W radiation had a strong negative impact on C. finmarchicus eggs. Further, percent hatching in W-B-exposed eggs was not significantly lower than that in eggs exposed to UV-A only: under natural sunlight, UV-A radiation appeared to be more detrimental to C. finmarchicus embryos than was UV-B. In analogous experiments with Atlantic cod eggs, exposure to UV-B produced a significant negative effect. However, UV-A had no negative effect on cod eggs. Additional experiments using a solar simulator (SS) revealed high wavelength-dependent mortality in both C. finmarchicus and cod embryos exposed to UV. The strongest effects occurred under exposures to wavelengths below 312 nm. At the shorter wavelengths (<305 nm) UV-B-induced mortality was strongly dose-dependent, but (for both C. finmarchicus and cod) not significantly influenced by dose-rate. Thus, at least within the limits of the exposures under which the biological weighting functions (BWFs) were generated, reciprocity held. The BWFs derived for UV-B-induced mortality in C. finmarchicus and cod eggs were similar in shape to the action spectrum for UV-B effects on naked DNA. Further, the wavelengthdependence of DNA damage was similar to that for the mortality effect. These observations suggest that W-induced mortality in C. finmarchicus and cod eggs is a direct result of DNA damage. There was no evidence of a detrimental effect of UV-A radiation in these SS-derived results. A mathematical model that includes the BWFs, vertical mixing of eggs, meteorological and hydrographic conditions, and ozone depletion, indicates that W-induced mortality in the C. finmarchicus egg population could be as high as 32.5 %, while the impact on the co...

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Reduction in omega-3 fatty acids by UV-B irradiation in microalgae

Cited by 89 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of UV radiation on five marine microphytobenthic Wadden sea diatoms, isolated from the Solthörn tidal flat (Lower Saxony, southern North Sea) – Part II: changes in carbohydrate, amino acid and fatty acid composition

Effects of UV radiation on five marine microphytobenthic Wadden sea diatoms, isolated from the Solthörn tidal flat (Lower Saxony, southern North Sea) – Part II: changes in carbohydrate, amino acid and fatty acid composition

Skin Protective Effects of Nannochloropsis gaditana Extract on H2O2-Stressed Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Impact of ultraviolet radiation on marine crustacean zooplankton and ichthyoplankton:a synthesis of results from the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada

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